Pengaruh Metode Ekstraksi Sonikasi terhadap Total Flavonoid Content dari Daun Pare (Momordica charantia L.) Effect of Sonication Extraction Method on Total Flavonoid Content of Bitter Melon Leaves (Momordica charantia L.)

Crossmark

Article Sidebar

Page Numbers: 2919-2928
Download PDF
Published: Nov 3, 2025
Digital Object Identifier: 10.58578/masaliq.v5i6.7822
Save this to:
Save to Mendeley Download RIS

Article Metrics:
Viewed: 370 times
Downloaded: 426 times
Article can trace at:

Author Fee:
Free Publication Fees for Foreign Researchers (USD 0.00)
Check for article on SINTA:

LYAS Publisher cordially invites qualified professionals to serve as Editors or Reviewers. Your expertise will make an important contribution to maintaining and strengthening the academic quality of our publications. Interested applicants are kindly requested to complete the application form at the following link: Editors & Reviewers

Connected Papers:
Connected Papers


Please feel free to contact us if you need any further information about the submission process or if you have any additional questions.


Authors:
Nur Octaviana1*, Hesty Parbuntari2
Copyright :

Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication.

Explore Our Journals
Find the journal that best fits your research. If this journal does not match your manuscript’s scope, explore our portfolio below to select a more suitable publication venue.

Main Article Content

Nur Octaviana
Universitas Negeri Padang
Hesty Parbuntari
Universitas Negeri Padang

Abstract

The use of medicinal plants in Indonesia is still largely based on traditional knowledge passed down through generations, often lacking sufficient scientific validation. Momordica charantia L., a plant from the Cucurbitaceae family, is widely recognized in traditional medicine for its flavonoid content found in the leaves, which exhibits antioxidant, antidiabetic, antirheumatic, and antimicrobial properties. This study aims to determine the effect of sonication on the total flavonoid content of pare (bitter melon) leaves. Extraction was carried out using a sonicator for 60 minutes at 40 °C, with a power of 50 W and a frequency of 40 kHz. The filtrate obtained from the filtration process was then evaporated using a rotary evaporator with 70% ethanol as the solvent. The total flavonoid content was determined using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a maximum wavelength of 431 nm. The results showed that the sonication method produced a total flavonoid content of 159.42 mg QE/g, which is considered high. These findings indicate that sonication is a fast, efficient, and environmentally friendly extraction method for obtaining flavonoid compounds from Momordica charantia leaves. This study contributes scientifically to the development of modern green technology-based extraction methods for the utilization of local medicinal plants.

Keywords:
Share Article:

Citation Metrics:

Scopus

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Citation Metrics & Similar Scopus Articles

Data source Crossref
0
citations
Citation counts are source-specific and may differ because database coverage, reference matching, and update schedules are different. Counts are not added together. Crossref values represent citation links registered and matched by Crossref.
Check Secondary Documents in Scopus
Open this article in Scopus, then check the Secondary documents tab. Use Manual Citation Fallback only for counts you have verified manually.
Open in Scopus
Similar Scopus Articles
Scopus
  1. Jam B. (2027)
    An Optimality-Theoretic Account of Total Nasal Place/Manner Assimilation in the Recitation of the Holy Qur’an
    Language Related Research, 17(4), 139-166
  2. Boyjanov N.I. (2027)
    Mathematical analysis of the linear increase in SiO2 content during the activation of Navbakhor alkaline bentonite with hydrochloric acid
    Kompleksnoe Ispolzovanie Mineralnogo Syra, 342(3), 90-99
  3. Mirzahosseini M. (2027)
    A Review of Constitutive Modeling of Unsaturated Soils
    Iranian Journal of Geophysics, 20(3), 81-128

Article Details

How to Cite
Octaviana, N., & Parbuntari, H. (2025). Pengaruh Metode Ekstraksi Sonikasi terhadap Total Flavonoid Content dari Daun Pare (Momordica charantia L.). MASALIQ, 5(6), 2919-2928. https://doi.org/10.58578/masaliq.v5i6.7822

Creative Commons License
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

References

Abadi, H., Rumanti, R. M., Andry, M., & Nasution, M. A. (2023). Isolasi Senyawa Flavonoid dari Daun Bakung (Crinum asiaticum L.). Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.36490/journal-jps.com.v6i5-si.322

Abubakar, A. R., & Haque, M. (2020). Preparation of medicinal plants: Basic extraction and fractionation procedures for experimental purposes. Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences, 12(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_175_19

Alfiraza, E. N., Nurhidayati, L. G., Fahamsya, A., & Wahyuningtias, A. (2024). Perbandingan Metode Ekstraksi terhadap Kadar Flavonoid Total Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kersen (Muntingia calabura L.). Journal of Pharmaceutical and Health Research, 5(3), 9–16. https://doi.org/10.47065/jharma.v5i3.5136

Azizah, D. N., Kumolowati, E., & Faramayuda, F. (2014). Penetapan Kadar Flavonoid Metode AlCl3 pada Ekstrak Metanol Kulit Buah Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.). Kartika Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi, 2(2), 45–49. https://doi.org/10.26874/kjif.v2i2.14

Butnariu, M. (2023). Physical Properties and Identification of Flavonoids by Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy. International Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.23880/ijbp-16000239

Cahyaningsih, E., Megawati, F., & Artini, N. P. E. (2021). Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Pare (Momordica charantia L.) sebagai Bahan Pengawet Alami Buah Tomat. Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento, 7(1), 41–46. https://doi.org/10.36733/medicamento.v7i1.1558

Cao, S., Liang, J., Chen, M., Xu, C., Wang, X., Qiu, L., Zhao, X., & Hu, W. (2025). Comparative Analysis of Extraction Technologies for Plant Extracts and Absolutes. Frontiers in Chemistry, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2025.1536590

Darotulmutmainnah, A., Marini, Herliningsih, & Handayani, H. (2025). Comparison of Total Flavonoid Content and Antioxidant Activity of Purple Leaf Extract (Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff.) Using Maceration and Soxhletation Extraction Methods. Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian, 10(1), 45–56. https://doi.org/10.37874/ms.v10i1.1608

Darusman, F., Fakih, T. M., Ramadhan, D. S. F., Wisnuwardhani, H. A., & Yanti, T. S. (2023). Exploration of the flavonoid content of Ziziphus spina-christi leaf extract and antioxidant activity assay through in vitro and in silico methods. Pharmaciana, 13(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/ 10.12928/pharmaciana.v13i1.24016

Ergina, Nuryanti, S., & Puspitasari, I. D. (2014). Uji Kualitatif Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder pada Daun Palado (Agave angustifolia) yang Diekstraksi dengan Pelarut Air dan Etanol. Jurnal Akademika Kimia, 3(3), 165–172.

Khoirunnisa, I., & Sumiwi, S. A. (2019). Peran Flavonoid pada berbagai Aktivitas Farmakologi. Farmaka, 17(2), 131–142. https://doi.org/10.24198/jf.v17i2.21922

Kim, H. R., Noh, E. M., Lee, S. H., Lee, S., Kim, D. H., Lee, N. H., Kim, S. Y., & Park, M. H. (2024). Momordica charantia Extracts Obtained by Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Inhibit the Inflammatory Pathways. Molecular and Cellular Toxicology, 20(1), 67–74. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13273-022-00320-3

Kumar, A., Nirmal, P., Kumar, M., Jose, A., Tomer, V., Oz, E., Proestos, C., Zeng, M., Elobeid, T., Sneha, V., & Oz, F. (2023). Major Phytochemicals: Recent Advances in Health Benefits and Extraction Method. Molecules (Vol. 28, Issue 2). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28020887

Leelaprakash, G., Rose, J. C., Bm, G., Javvaji, K., & Prasad, S. A. (2011). Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of Momordica charantia Leaves. Pharmacophore, 2(4), 207–215. https://pharmacophorejournal.com/oxWUzdR

Lukmayani, Y., Najmudin G. A., & Yuliawati, K. M. (2024). Pengujian Aktivitas Antioksidan serta Penetapan Kadar Flavonoid Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sirih Merah (Piper ornatum N.E.Br.) dengan Metode Ekstraksi Maserasi dan Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction. Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Farmasyifa, 7(2), 179–191. https://doi.org/10.29313/jiff.v7i2.3177

Mursiany, A., Olivia Umboro, R., & Dian Anggraini, T. (2024). Penetapan Kadar Flavonoid Total Infusa Rambut Jagung Manis (Zea mays Saccharata Sturt) Menggunakan Spektrofotometri Uv-Vis Secara Kolorimetri. Jurnal Locus Penelitian Dan Pengabdian, 2(12), 1191–1200. https://doi.org/10.58344/locus.v2i12.2354

Mutiara, E. V., & Wildan, A. (2014). Ekstraksi Flavonoid dari Daun Pare (Momordica Charantia L.) Berbantu Gelombang Mikro sebagai Penurun Kadar Glukosa secara in vitro. METANA, 10(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.14710/metana.v10i01.9771

Parbuntari, H., Azra, F., Suryani, O., & Melati, M. (2023). Microencapsulation of Flavonoids from Gedi Leaves (Abelmoschus Manihot L.) In Β-Cyclodextrin Using Coprecipitation and Kneading Methods. Rasayan Journal of Chemistry, 16(2), 1035–1041. http://doi.org/10.31788/RJC.2023.1628287

Rizqiana, K., Bagus Pambudi, D., Rahmatullah, S., & Waznah, U. (2021). Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Pare (Momordica charantia L.) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Seminar Nasional Kesehatan, 1598–1604. https://doi.org/10.48144/prosiding.v1i.901

Zhang, Q. W., Lin, L. G., & Ye, W. C. (2018). Techniques for extraction and isolation of natural products: a comprehensive review. Chinese Medicine, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13273-022-00320-3