Perbandingan Hukum Pers Indonesia dan Thailand dalam Perspektif Hukum Tata Negara Comparison of Indonesian and Thai Press Law from the Perspective of Constitutional Law
Article Sidebar
Page Numbers:
2599-2612
Digital Object Identifier:
10.58578/ahkam.v5i3.10485
Viewed: 0 times
Downloaded: 0 times
LYAS Publisher cordially invites qualified professionals to serve as Editors or Reviewers. Your expertise will make an important contribution to maintaining and strengthening the academic quality of our publications. Interested applicants are kindly requested to complete the application form at the following link: Editors & Reviewers
Please feel free to contact us if you need any further information about the submission process or if you have any additional questions.
Authors:
Sari Febriyana Muriya1*, Erlina Erlina2 
Copyright :
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication.
Main Article Content
Abstract
Freedom of the press is an important element in a democratic state, but its regulation and restriction differ in each country according to the constitutional character adopted. Indonesia and Thailand show fundamental differences in providing protection for freedom of the press, making it important to examine the relationship between a state’s constitutional character and the model of protection and restriction of press freedom. This study aims to analyze the comparison of press freedom regulation in Indonesia and Thailand from the perspective of constitutional law and to assess its conformity with the principles of the rule of law and human rights. This study is normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. Legal materials were collected through a literature study of laws and regulations, legal doctrines, and international human rights instruments, then analyzed juridically and comparatively. The results showed that Indonesia, as a state with the character of constitutional democracy, positions freedom of the press as a human right protected by the constitution through the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and Law Number 40 of 1999 concerning the Press, and is further strengthened by the existence of the Press Council as an independent institution. Conversely, Thailand, as a state characterized by constitutional monarchy, provides strong protection for the royal institution through Article 6 of the 2017 Constitution and Article 112 of the Thai Criminal Code, which restrict press freedom through the criminalization of criticism of the monarchy. Based on the principles of the rule of law, human rights, and General Comment No. 34 of the UN Human Rights Committee, Indonesia’s system of press freedom restrictions generally better fulfills the principles of legality, legitimate aim, and proportionality than Thailand’s system. The conclusion of this study affirms that the constitutional character of a state influences the level of protection and restriction of press freedom. These findings imply the importance of strengthening press regulations that are democratic, proportional, and human rights-oriented, as well as developing comparative constitutional law studies on the relationship between constitutional design and the protection of press freedom.
Citation Metrics:
Downloads
Article Details
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
References
Anom, E. (2009). Kebebasan Pers: Perbandingan antara Malaysia dan Indonesia. Jurnal Komunikologi, 6(2), 95–104. https://digilib.esaunggul.ac.id/kebebasan-pers-perbandingan-antara-malaysia-dan-indonesia-8503.html
Asshiddiqie, J. (2015). Pengantar Ilmu Hukum Tata Negara. Rajawali Pers.
Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand B.E. 2560 (2017). (2017). WIPO Lex. https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/legislation/details/21500
Deklarasi Universal Hak Asasi Manusia. (1948). OHCHR. https://www.ohchr.org/en/human-rights/universal-declaration/translations/indonesian
Gould, C. C. (1994). Demokrasi Ditinjau Kembali (S. Wibowo, Trans.). Tiara Wacana.
Gunakaya, A. W. (2019). Hukum Hak Asasi Manusia. Penerbit Andi.
Kovenan Internasional tentang Hak-Hak Sipil dan Politik. (1966). OHCHR. https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/international-covenant-civil-and-political-rights
Kurlantzick, J. (2024, June 3). Thailand’s draconian 112 lèse-majesté law: Any hope for change? Council on Foreign Relations. https://www.cfr.org/articles/thailands-draconian-112-lese-majeste-law-any-hope-change
Lesmana, T. (2005). Kebebasan Pers Dilihat dari Perspektif Konflik, antara Kebebasan dan Tertib Sosial. Jurnal ILMU KOMUNIKASI, 2(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.24002/jik.v2i1.249
Mahadewi, M. P. (2025, June 22). Kilas Balik 31 Tahun Pembredelan Tempo, Editor, dan Detik oleh Orde Baru. Tempo. https://www.tempo.co/politik/kilas-balik-31-tahun-pembredelan-tempo-editor-dan-detik-oleh-orde-baru-1766610
Manan, B. (2014). Menjaga Kemerdekaan Pers di Pusaran Hukum. Dewan Pers.
Marzuki, P. M. (2017). Penelitian Hukum (Edisi revisi). Prenada Media.
Mérieau, E. (2019). Thailand’s lèse-majesté law: On blasphemy in a Buddhist kingdom. Buddhism, Law & Society, 4, 53–92. https://buddhism.lib.ntu.edu.tw/en/search/search_detail.jsp?seq=669000
Muhaimin. (2020). Metode Penelitian Hukum. Mataram University Press.
Nation Thailand. (2022, December 10). Thailand in select league of nations with 20 constitutions or more. https://www.nationthailand.com/thailand/politics/40022956
Nota Kesepahaman antara Dewan Pers dan Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 2/DP/MoU/II/2017 dan Nomor B/15/II/2017, tanggal 9 Februari 2017. (2017).
Sari, M. P. (2023). Hak Menyampaikan Pendapat Secara Elektronik Ditinjau dari Perspektif Hukum Hak Asasi Manusia. Wasaka Hukum, 11(1), 78–101. https://ojs.stihsa-bjm.ac.id/index.php/wasaka/article/view/89
Shine La Juwi, L. (2023). Pembatasan Kebebasan Berpendapat dan Berekspresi di Indonesia Ditinjau dari Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia [Tesis, Universitas Hasanuddin]. https://repository.unhas.ac.id/id/eprint/37330/
Siagian, A. (2025). Hukum Pers: Menjamin Kebebasan Pers Berbasis Keadilan. Gita Lentera.
Streckfuss, D. (1995). Kings in the age of nations: The paradox of lèse-majesté as political crime in Thailand. Comparative Studies in Society and History, 37(3), 445–475. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0010417500019769
Syafriadi. (2018). Hukum Pers dalam Ketatanegaraan Indonesia. Suluh Media.
Thailand Penal Code. https://www.samuiforsale.com/law-texts/thailand-penal-code.html
Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. (1945). JDIH BPK. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/101646/uud-no--
Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik. (2008). JDIH BPK. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/details/37589/uu-no-11-tahun-2008
Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 1999 tentang Pers. (1999). JDIH BPK. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/45370/uu-no-40-tahun-1999
Yanottami, N., & Suhermanto, D. F. (2023). Gerakan Melawan Hukum Monarki di Thailand. Jurnal ISIP: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, 19(2), 66–74. https://doi.org/10.36451/jisip.v19i2.3