Survey of Schistosoma haematobium and Environmental Factors in Donga Local Government Area, Taraba State, Nigeria
Article Sidebar
Page Numbers:
262-278
Digital Object Identifier:
10.58578/ijhess.v2i2.3481
Viewed: 275 times
Downloaded: 327 times
LYAS Publisher cordially invites qualified professionals to serve as Editors or Reviewers. Your expertise will make an important contribution to maintaining and strengthening the academic quality of our publications. Interested applicants are kindly requested to complete the application form at the following link: Editors & Reviewers
Please feel free to contact us if you need any further information about the submission process or if you have any additional questions.
Authors:
Agbo O. J1, Silas Tatah2, Dawuda B. M3 
Copyright :
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication.
Main Article Content
Abstract
Schistosoma haematobium infection is known to be endemic especially among residents along Rivers, This study was conducted to establish the preval_ence of urinary schistosomiasis in relation to some epidemiological factors among elementary pupils in Donga Local Government Area. Urine filtration technique using polycarbonate membrane filters was employed to check the presence of Schistosoma haematobium eggs in urine and questionnaires were administered. Overall preval_ence of 8.94% (21) was recorded out of the 235 urine examined. Chi square analysis showed insignificant association of the infection with the various schools (χ²= 6.192, P = 0.185). Similarly, ANOVA revealed no significant difference in the mean egg intensity (27.29 eggs/10ml of urine) among the schools (p = 0.293). Males were more infected 13.33%(16) than females 4.50%(5) with a significant difference (P=0.020). However, there was no statistical significant difference in their mean egg intensities (30.3 eggs/10ml of urine in male and 17.6 eggs/10ml of urine in female) (p = 0.27). The age-related preval_ence was higher 11.82% (13) in 10-15 years children while children aged 16-20 had the least preval_ence 0.01% (1). Chi square showed statistical significant association between infection and age (χ²=12.964, P=0.002). But there was a statistical insignificant difference between their mean egg intensities; 10-15, 4-9 and 16-20 (31.08, 23.4, 5 eggs/10ml of urine respectively) with p=0.462. Children who fish had the highest preval_ence 16.67% and children that do not partake in any of these activities had no case of infection 0%(64). Chi square revealed a statistical significant association between participant's water contact activities and infection (χ² =11.21; p = 0.024). However, ANOVA showed statistical insignificant difference in the mean egg intensity among these activities (p = 0.486). This findings indicates that urinary schistosomiasis has low endemicity in this area which could be due to the fact that It was concluded that the overall low preval_ence could be attributed to improved environmental hygiene among others.
Downloads
Article Details
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
References
Agere, I. J., W. A. Istifanus, and S. L. Kela. "Water usage and transmission of Schistosoma haematobium in Jalingo and Ardokola Local Government Area of Taraba State, Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Science, Technology and Environmental Education (NIJOSTEE) 3, no. 1 (2010).
Atalabi, Tolulope Ebenezer, Stephen Dumebi Adoh, and Kingsley Marvin Eze. "The current epidemiological status of urogenital schistosomiasis among primary school pupils in Katsina State, Nigeria: An imperative for a scale up of water and sanitation initiative and mass administration of medicines with Praziquantel." PLoS neglected tropical diseases 12, no. 7 (2018): e0006636.
Atalabi, T. E., Umar, L. and Simeon, J. I., (2016). Preval_ence and intensity of genito-urinary Schistosomiasis and associated risk factors among junior high school students in two local government areas around Zobe Dam in Katsina State, Nigeria. Pa*rasites and Vectors. doi: 10.1186/s13071-016-1672-5.
Balogun, J. B., B. Adewale, S. U. Balogun, A. Lawan, I. S. Haladu, M. M. Dogara, A. U. Aminu et al. "Preval_ence and associated risk factors of urinary schistosomiasis among primary school pupils in the Jidawa and Zobiya communities of Jigawa State, Nigeria." Annals of Global Health 88, no. 1 (2022).
Carter center, (2008). Schistosomiasis control program. Available from: http://www.cartercenter.org/health/Schistosomiasis/index.html.
Centers For Disease Control and Prevention, (2019). DPDx-Schistosomiasis Infections. www.cdc.gov.
Creswell, John W., and J. David Creswell. Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications, 2017.
Dawuda, M. B.; Bala, A. Y.; Agbo, J. O.; Iorgema, U. C.; Agere, I. H.; Elijah, B. B., (2019). Preval_ence and intensity of urinary Schistosomiasis in selected villages of Fikyu community, Ussa Local Government Area, Taraba State, Nigeria. Fuw trends in Scince and Technology Journal. 4 no. 1 (2019) pp. 209-212.
Donga Local Government Area. www.manpoer.com.ng.Retrieved24 may, 2022.
Donga-Local Government Area, Nigeria-Population Statistics, Charts, Map, and Location (2022). citypopulation. De retrieved 24 May 2022.
Eltoum, Isam A., Suad Sulaiman, Babikir M. Ismail, Magdi MM Ali, Mohamed Elfatih, and Mamoun MA Homeida. "eval_uation of haematuria as an indirect screening test for schistosomiasis haematobium: a population-based study in the White Nile province, Sudan." Acta Tropica 51, no. 2 (1992): 151-157.
Fatiregun, A. A., K. O. Osungbade, and E. A. Olumide. "Diagnostic performance of screening methods for urinary schistosomiasis in a school-based control programme, in Ibadan, Nigeria." Journal of Community Medicine and Primary Health Care 17, no. 1 (2005): 24-27.
Federal Ministry of Health (FMoH). Report on Epidemiological Mapping of Schistosomiasis and Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis in 19 States and the FCT, Nigeria. Abuja, Nigeria: Federal Ministry of Health; 2015.
Gbonhinbor, J., and A. E. Abah. "Preval_ence of urogenital schistosomiasis in four communities in Ogbia Local Government Area, Bayelsa State, Nigeria." Int J Trop Dis Health 39, no. 3 (2019): 1-9.
Hotez, Peter, Eric Ottesen, Alan Fenwick, and David Molyneux. "The neglected tropical diseases: the ancient afflictions of stigma and poverty and the prospects for their control and elimination." Hot topics in infection and immunity in children III (2006): 23-33.
Houmsou, Robert Soumay, Sam Mao Panda, Sambo Obadiah Elkanah, Liatu Columbus Garba, Binga Emmanuel Wama, Elizabeth Une Amuta, and Santaya Larit Kela. "Cross-sectional study and spatial distribution of schistosomiasis among children in Northeastern Nigeria." Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 6, no. 6 (2016): 477-484.
Houmsou, R. S., E. U. Amuta, and T. T. Sar. "Profile of an epidemiological study of urinary schistosomiasis in two local government areas of Benue state, Nigeria." International Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Research 1, no. 1 (2012): 39-48.
Krauth, Stefanie J., Helena Greter, Katarina Stete, Jean T. Coulibaly, Seïdinan I. Traoré, Bongo NR Ngandolo, Louise Y. Achi, Jakob Zinsstag, Eliézer K. N’Goran, and Jürg Utzinger. "All that is blood is not schistosomiasis: experiences with reagent strip testing for urogenital schistosomiasis with special consideration to very-low preval_ence settings." Parasites & vectors 8 (2015): 1-10.
Mafe, M. A., B. Appelt, B. Adewale, E. T. Idowu, O. P. Akinwale, A. K. Adeneye, O. U. Manafa, M. A. Sulyman, O. D. Akande, and B. D. Omotola. "Effectiveness of different approaches to mass delivery of praziquantel among school-aged children in rural communities in Nigeria." Acta Tropica 93, no. 2 (2005): 181-190.
Monday, I. E., J. I. Francis, B. T. Lamidi, and S. U. Mohammad. "Investigating Urinary Schistosomiasis in Bali Town, Bali Local Government Area, Taraba State, Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Parasitology 35, no. 1&2 (2014): 149-155.
Nafiu, S., B. Inuwa, A. Abdullahi, Z. Alkali, and B. A. Ibrahim. "Preval_ence of urinary schistosomiasis among primary school pupils in Kofa primary school, Tafa local government, Niger state, Nigeria." Ewemen J Epidemiol Clin Med 2, no. 1 (2016): 7-13.
Ngasala, Billy, Hamza Juma, and Richard O. Mwaiswelo. "The usefulness of indirect diagnostic tests for Schistosoma haematobium infection after repeated rounds of mass treatment with praziquantel in Mpwapwa and Chakechake districts in Tanzania." International Journal of Infectious Diseases 90 (2020): 132-137.
Onyekwere, A. M., O. Rey, M. C. Nwanchor, M. Alo, E. K. Angora, Jean-François Allienne, and Jérôme Boissier. "Preval_ence and risk factors associated with urogenital schistosomiasis among primary school pupils in Nigeria." Parasite Epidemiology and Control 18 (2022): e00255.
Pukuma, M. S., and S. P. Musa. "Preval_ence of urinary schistosomiasis among residents of Waduku in Lamurde Local Government Area of Adamawa." Nigerian Journal of Parasitology 28, no. 2 (2007): 65-68.Saidu, Umar, Mohammed Auwal Ibrahim, Harry P. de Koning, James H. McKerrow, Conor R. Caffrey, and Emmanuel Oluwadare Balogun. "Human schistosomiasis in Nigeria: present status, diagnosis, chemotherapy, and herbal medicines." Parasitology Research 122, no. 12 (2023): 2751-2772.
Sunday, Ojo. Joseph, Babamale, Olarewaju Abdulkareem, and Uggbomoiko, Samuel. Distribution pattern of human Schistosomiasis in kwara State, Nigeria. American Journal of Tropical Diseases 11, no 4 (2018) : 239-251.
Taylor, P., S. K. Chandiwana, and D. Matanhire. "eval_uation of the reagent strip test for haematuria in the control of Schistosoma haematobium infection in schoolchildren." Acta tropica 47, no. 2 (1990): 91-100.
Ugbomoiko, U. S., I. E. Ofoezie, Ikem Chris Okoye, and Jorg Heukelbach. "Factors associated with urinary schistosomiasis in two peri-urban communities in south–western Nigeria." Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology 104, no. 5 (2010): 409-419.
Umoh, Nse O., Chimezie F. Nwamini, Nyoho J. Inyang, Anthony N. Umo, Victor U. Usanga, Amos Nworie, Michael O. Elom, and Boniface N. Ukwah. "Preval_ence of urinary schistosomiasis amongst primary school children in Ikwo and Ohaukwu Communities of Ebonyi State, Nigeria." African Journal of Laboratory Medicine 9, no. 1 (2020): 1-5.
World Health Organization. Prevention and control of Schistosomiasis and soil–transmitted Helminthiasis, report of a WHO expert committee. Technical report series Geneva: No. 912 Geneva: World Health Organization; 2002.
World Health Organization. Prevention and control of Schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis: report of a WHO expert committee. Geneva—Switzerland: 2002.
World Health Organization, (2016). Schistosomiasis fact sheet [homepage on the Internet]. 2016. Available from: www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs115/en/
World Health Organization. Fact sheet on Schistosomiasis. Geneva: WHO; 2023.