The Effect of Punica granatum Leaf Tea on Potassium Oxonate Induced Gout in Male Wistar Rats
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146-161
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Apr 10, 2026
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10.58578/ajbmbr.v3i2.9479
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Authors:
Akinniyi Ezekiel Wonderful1, Umaru Hauwa Aduwamai2 
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Abstract
Gout is a prevalent and debilitating inflammatory condition caused by the deposition of monosodium urate crystals in the joints, leading to acute pain, swelling, and redness. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Punica granatum leaf tea on potassium oxonate-induced gout in male Wistar rats. Thirty rats were allocated into six groups of five animals each, and gout was induced by intraperitoneal administration of potassium oxonate at 250 mg/kg body weight for 14 days. P. granatum leaf tea was administered at doses of 10, 20, and 30 mg/kg body weight. The findings showed that potassium oxonate significantly increased serum uric acid, creatinine, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and hepatic xanthine oxidase activity relative to the normal control. Among the tested doses, 30 mg/kg body weight produced a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in uric acid (4.80 ± 0.06 mg/dL vs. 7.37 ± 0.15 mg/dL), IL-1β (25.41 ± 0.79 pg/mL vs. 31.45 ± 2.71 pg/mL), and hepatic xanthine oxidase activity (5.93 ± 0.20 U/L vs. 11.89 ± 1.11 U/L), with effects comparable to the standard drug group. The same dose also showed a more pronounced effect than the standard drug in reducing TNF-α (7.44 ± 0.58 pg/mL vs. 10.95 ± 1.87 pg/mL) and ALP (63.16 ± 2.06 U/L vs. 68.00 ± 1.98 U/L). The study concludes that Punica granatum leaf tea exhibits anti-hyperuricemic, anti-inflammatory, and organ-protective effects in potassium oxonate-induced gout, highlighting its potential contribution as a natural therapeutic candidate for gout management.
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Wonderful, A. E., & Aduwamai, U. H. (2026). The Effect of Punica granatum Leaf Tea on Potassium Oxonate Induced Gout in Male Wistar Rats. African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research, 3(2), 146-161. https://doi.org/10.58578/ajbmbr.v3i2.9479
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
References
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Aydın, Ü. F., Kozanoğlu, E., & Tuli, A. (2024). High fructose consumption and metabolic syndrome from gout perspective. Cerrahpaşa Medical Journal, 48(2), 191–196. https://doi.org/10.5152/cjm.2024.24001
Bahari, H., Rafiei, H., Goudarzi, K., Omidian, K., Asbaghi, O., Kolbadi, K. S. H., Naderian, M., & Hosseini, A. (2024). The effects of pomegranate consumption on liver function enzymes in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 80, Article 103008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2023.103008
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Chi, X., Cen, Y., Yang, B., Zhang, H., Pu, Z., Feng, J., Pan, H., & Zhang, Y. (2024). Effects of dietary factors on hyperuricaemia and gout: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 75(8), 753–773. https://doi.org/10.1080/09637486.2024.2400489
Chinnappan, S. M., George, A., Choudhary, Y. K., Godavarthi, A., Teng, C.-L., & Jin, W. H. (2023). In vitro and in vivo investigations on anti-hyperuricemic activity of commercial preparations of Persicaria minor (Biokesum®) and Eurycoma longifolia (Physta®). Current Traditional Medicine, 9(5), 127–136. https://doi.org/10.2174/2215083809666221213142127
Cipolletta, E., Tata, L. J., Nakafero, G., Avery, A. J., Mamas, M. A., & Abhishek, A. (2022). Association between gout flare and subsequent cardiovascular events among patients with gout. JAMA, 328(5), 440–450. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2022.11390
Dalbeth, N., Gosling, A. L., Gaffo, A., & Abhishek, A. (2021). Gout. The Lancet, 397(10287), 1843–1855. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00569-9
Deb, S., & Sakharkar, P. (2021). A population based study of liver function amongst adults with hyperuricemia and gout in the United States. Diseases, 9(3), Article 61. https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases9030061
Ebrahimpour-Koujan, S., Saneei, P., Larijani, B., Esmaillzadeh, A., & Azadbakht, L. (2020). Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and dietary fructose in relation to risk of gout and hyperuricemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 60(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2018.1503155
Eghbali, S., Askari, S. F., Avan, R., & Sahebkar, A. (2021). Therapeutic effects of Punica granatum (pomegranate): An updated review of clinical trials. Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, 2021, Article 5297162. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5297162
Elin, R. J., Johnson, E., & Chesler, R. (1982). Four methods for determining uric acid compared with a candidate reference method. Clinical Chemistry, 28(10), 2098–2100. https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/28.10.2098
GBD 2021 Gout Collaborators. (2024). Global, regional, and national burden of gout, 1990–2020, and projections to 2050: A systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. The Lancet Rheumatology, 6(8), e507–e517. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2665-9913(24)00117-6
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Hadipour-Jahromy, M., & Mozaffari-Kermani, R. (2010). Chondroprotective effects of pomegranate juice on monoiodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis of the knee joint of mice. Phytotherapy Research, 24(2), 182–185. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.2880
Han, J., Bae, S. Y., Oh, S.-J., Lee, J., Lee, J. H., Lee, H.-C., Lee, S. K., Kil, W. H., Kim, S. W., Nam, S. J., Kim, S., & Lee, J. E. (2014). Zerumbone suppresses IL-1β-induced cell migration and invasion by inhibiting IL-8 and MMP-3 expression in human triple-negative breast cancer cells. Phytotherapy Research, 28(11), 1654–1660. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.5178
Huang, W.-C., Liou, C.-J., Shen, S.-C., Hu, S., Chao, J. C.-J., Huang, C.-H., & Wu, S.-J. (2024). Punicalagin from pomegranate ameliorates TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced inflammatory responses in HaCaT cells via regulation of SIRT1/STAT3 axis and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. International Immunopharmacology, 130, Article 111665. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111665
Joshi, D. D., Deb, L., Somkuwar, B. G., Rana, V. S., & Kharkwal, H. (2025). Efficacy of traditional Indian herbal beverages in the management of hyperuricemia-A review. Food and Humanity, 5, Article 100727. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foohum.2025.100727
Koguchi, T. (2021). Modification of dietary habits for prevention of gout in Japanese people: Gout and food intake. American Journal of Health Research, 9(5), 158–175. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20210905.15
Lin, S. D., Yang, J. H., Hsieh, Y. J., Liu, E. H., & Mau, J. L. (2014). Effect of different brewing methods on quality of green tea. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 38(3), 1234–1243. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.12084
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Maphetu, N., Unuofin, J. O., Masuku, N. P., Olisah, C., & Lebelo, S. L. (2022). Medicinal uses, pharmacological activities, phytochemistry, and the molecular mechanisms of Punica granatum L. (pomegranate) plant extracts: A review. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 153, Article 113256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113256
Miller, W. G., Myers, G. L., Ashwood, E. R., Killeen, A. A., Wang, E., Thienpont, L. M., & Siekmann, L. (2005). Creatinine measurement: State of the art in accuracy and interlaboratory harmonization. Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, 129(3), 297–304. https://doi.org/10.5858/2005-129-297-CMSOTA
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