From Intelligence Superiority to Decision-Making Superiority: Lessons from the Strait of Hormuz for the Strategic Security of the Strait of Malacca
Article Sidebar
Page Numbers:
245-271
Digital Object Identifier:
10.58578/ijemt.v4i2.11870
Viewed: 0 times
Downloaded: 0 times
LYAS Publisher cordially invites qualified professionals to serve as Editors or Reviewers. Your expertise will make an important contribution to maintaining and strengthening the academic quality of our publications. Interested applicants are kindly requested to complete the application form at the following link: Editors & Reviewers
Please feel free to contact us if you need any further information about the submission process or if you have any additional questions.
Authors:Joshua Insetyadi B1*, Muhammad Halkis2, Agus Hasan Sulistiyono Reksoprodjo3
Copyright :Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication.
Main Article Content
Abstract
Although maritime chokepoints have received substantial attention in research on maritime security, energy security, and military power, limited scholarship has examined how multi-domain intelligence is converted into decision superiority and applied across distinct chokepoint environments. This study investigated the intelligence-to-decision mechanisms demonstrated in the Strait of Hormuz and assessed their conditional relevance to the strategic security of the Strait of Malacca. It employed a qualitative, theory-guided case study design integrating process tracing, structured, focused comparison, and source triangulation. The analysis covered the period from 2019 to August 2026, treating the Strait of Hormuz as the primary critical case and the Strait of Malacca as the application case. Data were drawn from peer-reviewed literature, official documents, international organizations, reputable news agencies, strategic and defense research institutions, and open-source intelligence. The findings reveal that maritime strategic effects emerge through an interconnected sequence comprising multi-domain intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR), intelligence fusion, decision superiority, operational conversion, and strategic effects. Intelligence superiority alone does not guarantee strategic success; its effectiveness depends on converting integrated intelligence into timely, accurate, coordinated, and contextually appropriate decisions. The study contributes to maritime security scholarship by conceptualizing decision superiority as the mechanism linking intelligence architecture to strategic effects and demonstrating that lessons from the Strait of Hormuz should be transferred as adaptable mechanisms rather than replicated as military doctrines. For Indonesia, securing the Strait of Malacca requires prioritizing persistent ISR, multi-sensor intelligence fusion, interorganizational interoperability, rapid decision-making, and resilient surveillance instead of unilateral sea-denial strategies. These findings advance an intelligence-centric approach to maritime security and provide practical guidance for strengthening Indonesia’s maritime intelligence architecture while preserving freedom of navigation and regional cooperation. Further research should test the proposed intelligence-to-decision mechanism using additional primary sources and comparative evidence from other strategic maritime chokepoints.
Citation Metrics:
Downloads
Citation Metrics & Similar Scopus Articles
-
Miyazono S. (2027)Improved Efficiency and Lesion Detection in Small Bowel Capsule Endoscopy Using the Open-Source Artificial Intelligence Model SEE-AIDen Open, 7(1)
-
Toth E. (2027)Open-Source Artificial Intelligence in Small-Bowel Capsule Endoscopy—Visual Assistance is Promising, But Not Yet a Standard of CareDen Open, 7(1)
-
Mohamed A.N. (2027)Benefit of Linked-Color Imaging in Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Diagnosis of Early Gastric Cancer: A Pilot Study With Propensity Score AdjustmentDen Open, 7(1)
Article Details
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
References
Agastia, I. G. B. D., & Perwita, A. A. B. (2017). Building MDA as an essential element in the Global Maritime Fulcrum: Challenges and prospects for Indonesia’s maritime security. Jurnal Hubungan Internasional, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.18196/hi.61109
Anwar, S. (2021). Establishment of Lombok Strait traffic separation scheme and its impacts on maritime security. Jurnal Pertahanan, 7(3), 411–425. https://doi.org/10.33172/jp.v7i3.1400
Aprila, D., Andriani, W., & Ananto, R. P. (2023). Financial management of Nagari-owned enterprises (BUMNAG) and its impact on community welfare. Jurnal Akuntansi Bisnis, 16(2), 210–225. https://doi.org/10.30813/jab.v16i2.4461
Aprila, D., & Dwiharyadi, A. (2026). Big data integration in auditing: Technological, institutional, and ethical perspectives. Invoice: Jurnal Ilmu Akuntansi, 8(1), 88–102. https://doi.org/10.26618/3nxvcp77
Bueger, C. (2015). From dusk to dawn? Maritime domain awareness in Southeast Asia. Contemporary Southeast Asia, 37(2), 157–182. https://doi.org/10.1355/cs37-2a
Bueger, C., & Edmunds, T. (2017). Beyond seablindness: A new agenda for maritime security studies. International Affairs, 93(6), 1293–1311. https://doi.org/10.1093/ia/iix174
Christawan, E., Perwita, A. A. B., Midhio, I. W., Hendra, A., & Sumertha, I. G. (2023). Papua as the window of Indonesia’s spirit for the Melanesian communities. Journal of Social and Political Sciences, 6(3), 15–72. https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1991.06.03.426
Gómez-Romero, J., Serrano, M. A., García, J., Molina, J. M., & Rogova, G. (2015). Context-based multi-level information fusion for harbor surveillance. Information Fusion, 21, 173–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inffus.2014.01.011
Hidayat, S., & Ridwan. (2017). Kebijakan poros maritim dan keamanan nasional Indonesia: Tantangan dan harapan. Jurnal Pertahanan & Bela Negara, 7(3), 107–121. https://doi.org/10.33172/jpbh.v7i3.232
Lanteigne, M. (2008). China’s maritime security and the “Malacca dilemma.” Asian Security, 4(2), 143–161. https://doi.org/10.1080/14799850802006555
Octavian, A., Asmara, R., & Hidayat, A. S. (2020). Means of Indonesian maritime defense strategy in sea control on the Indonesian strategic straits. Jurnal Pertahanan & Bela Negara, 6(3), 507–514. https://doi.org/10.33172/jp.v6i3.1130
Paszak, P. (2021). The Malacca Strait, the South China Sea and the Sino-American competition in the Indo-Pacific. Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs, 8(2), 174–194. https://doi.org/10.1177/23477970211017494
Poonnawatt, K. (2023). Multilateral cooperation against maritime piracy in the Straits of Malacca: From the RMSI to ReCAAP. Marine Policy, 152, Article 105628. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2023.105628
Rahmadhani, P., Perwita, A. A. B., & Ramsi, O. (2025). Building regional readiness: Indonesia’s leadership in enhancing AHA Centre’s disaster response capabilities. International Journal of Humanities Education and Social Sciences, 3(3), 907–928. https://doi.org/10.58578/ijhess.v3i3.6951
Ramadhianto, R., Toruan, T. S. L., Kertopati, S. N. H., & Almubaroq, H. Z. (2023). Implementation of artificial intelligence on Indonesia’s defense intelligence activities. Jurnal Pertahanan, 9(2), 350. https://doi.org/10.33172/jp.v9i2.14657
Saidi, M., Esmaeildoost, F., Khankan, R., Masarani, H., & Toyasaki, F. (2026). Logistical agility at the Strait of Hormuz: A framework for managing sustained geopolitical disruption risks in global supply chains. Transport Policy, 183, Article 104168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2026.104168
Saragih, H. J., Barnas, R., & Purwanto, P. (2016). Defense management concepts improving Indonesian maritime security. Jurnal Pertahanan, 2(3), 257. https://doi.org/10.33172/jp.v2i3.104
Schultheiss, C. (2026). Satellites, AI and information-sharing platforms for the maritime domain: Have new technologies revolutionized maritime security? International Affairs, 102(3), 925–948. https://doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiag037
Sitorus, H. F., & Said, B. D. (2023). Synergy among the Indonesia maritime security institutions in conducting maritime patrol. Jurnal Pertahanan, 9(1), 30. https://doi.org/10.33172/jp.v9i1.7890
Skat-Rørdam, H. V., Kjærsgaard, R. D., Hovad, E., & Clemmensen, L. K. H. (2025). SEAuAIS: A self-explainable autoencoder with AIS-based maritime anomaly detection. Ocean Engineering, 341, Article 122656. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.122656
Stach, T., Kinkel, Y., Constapel, M., & Burmeister, H. C. (2023). Maritime anomaly detection for vessel traffic services: A survey. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 11(6), Article 1174. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11061174