The Lungs: Anatomy, Function, Disorders, and Care
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Abstract
The lungs play a crucial role in the respiratory system, facilitating oxygen intake and carbon dioxide removal. This article explores lung anatomy, including the differences between the right and left lungs, and details their function in gas exchange. It also highlights common lung disorders such as asthma, COPD, and lung cancer, along with their symptoms, diagnostic tests, and treatments. Additionally, it provides essential tips for maintaining lung health, such as quitting smoking, exercising, and staying hydrated. Understanding lung function and care is vital for overall well-being and disease prevention.
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Lungs; Respiratory System; Gas Exchange; Lung Anatomy; Lung Disorders; Breathing; Oxygen; Carbon Dioxide; Pulmonary Health; Lung Diseases; Diagnosis; Treatment; Lung Care

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Akram, M., Ahmed, M., & Umaru, I. J. (2025). The Lungs: Anatomy, Function, Disorders, and Care. African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research, 2(2), 183-188. https://doi.org/10.58578/ajmsphr.v2i2.5277
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Hilding, A. C. (1963). Phagocytosis, mucous flow, and ciliary action. Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal, 6(1), 61–73.
Nitzan, M., Romem, A., & Koppel, R. (2014). Pulse oximetry: Fundamentals and technology update. Medical Devices: Evidence and Research, 7, 231–239.
Tsang, K. W., & Bilton, D. (2009). Clinical challenges in managing bronchiectasis. Respirology, 14(5), 637–650
Aung, H. H., Sivakumar, A., Gholami, S. K., Venkateswaran, S. P., & Gorain, B. (2019). An overview of the anatomy and physiology of the lung. In Nanotechnology-based targeted drug delivery systems for lung cancer (pp. 1–20). Elsevier.
Baker, Q. F., & Al Janabi, M. (2022). Anatomy of the thorax. In Anatomy (pp. 109–148). CRC Press.
Hill, C. J., Lazzeri, M., & D’Abrosca, F. (2018). Breathing exercises and mucus clearance techniques in pulmonary rehabilitation. In Textbook of pulmonary rehabilitation (pp. 205–216).
Mani, C. S. (2017). Acute pneumonia and its complications. In Principles and practice of pediatric infectious diseases (5th ed., pp. 238–245). Elsevier.














