Biomechanics of Cheetah with Applications in Robotics and Athletics
Article Sidebar
Page Numbers:
13-24
Digital Object Identifier:
10.58578/mikailalsys.v2i1.2390
Viewed: 1.014 times
Downloaded: 816 times
LYAS Publisher cordially invites qualified professionals to serve as Editors or Reviewers. Your expertise will make an important contribution to maintaining and strengthening the academic quality of our publications. Interested applicants are kindly requested to complete the application form at the following link: Editors & Reviewers
Please feel free to contact us if you need any further information about the submission process or if you have any additional questions.
Authors:
Pramod Kumar Kherwar1, Binilraj Adhikari2, Devendra Adhikari3* 
Copyright :
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication.
Main Article Content
Abstract
The primary emphasis of this article is on cheetahs as fast-moving terrestrial animals whose biomechanics are investigated. An investigation into the biomechanics of this animal provides light on its specialized adaptations that enable to attain extraordinary velocities, thereby shedding light on its evolutionary past and interspecies interactions. Cheetahs have undergone significant physiological, anatomical, and behavioral modifications to accommodate its exceptional speed. The research thoroughly examines the adaptations of the cheetah, encompassing its musculature, talons, and limb structure. Additionally, the respiratory and cardiovascular adaptations that cheetahs possess to facilitate sprinting are discussed in the article. This article also discusses how robot designers and athletes can utilize the strategies used by cheetahs to achieve extremely high speeds through adaptation.
Downloads
Article Details
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
References
Dickinson, M. H., Farley, C. T., Full, R. J., Koehl, M. A. R., Kram, R., & Lehman, S. (2000). How Animals Move: An Integrative View. Science, 288(5463), 100-106. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.288.5463.100
Jagnandan, K., & Higham, T. E. (2018). How rapid changes in body mass affect the locomotion of terrestrial vertebrates: ecology, evolution and biomechanics of a natural perturbation. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 124(3), 279-293. https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/bly056
Novacheck, T. F. (1998). The biomechanics of running. Gait & Posture, 7(1), 77-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0966-6362(97)00038-6
Ferris, D. P., Louie, M., & Farley, C. T. (1998). Running in the real world: adjusting leg stiffness for different surfaces. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 265(1400), 989-994. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1998.0388
Farley, C. T., Glasheen, J., & McMahon, T. A. (1993). Running Springs: Speed and Animal Size. Journal of Experimental Biology, 185(1), 71-86. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.185.1.71
Hill, A. V. (1950). The Dimensions of Animals and Their Muscular Dynamics. Science Progress (1933-), 38(150), 209-230.
Galis, F., Carrier, D. R., Van Alphen, J., Van der Mije, S. D., Van Dooren, T. J. M., Metz, J. A. J., & ten Broek, C. M. A. (2014). Fast running restricts evolutionary change of the vertebral column in mammals. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(31), 11401-11406. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1401392111
Fuentes, M. A. (2014). The mechanical cost of transport of fast running animals. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 345, 22-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2013.12.002
Shield, S., Muramatsu, N., Da Silva, Z., & Patel, A. (2023). Chasing the cheetah: how field biomechanics has evolved to keep up with the fastest land animal. Journal of Experimental Biology, 226(Suppl_1). https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.245122
O'Brien, S. J., Wildt, D. E., & Bush, M. (1986). The cheetah in genetic peril. Scientific American, 254(5), 84-95. https://doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0563-84
Dobrynin, P., et al. (2015). Genomic legacy of the African cheetah, Acinonyx jubatus. Genome Biology, 16, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-015-0837-4
Tilahun, S. L., & Ong, H. C. (2015). Prey-predator algorithm: a new metaheuristic algorithm for optimization problems. International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making, 14(6), 1331-1352. https://doi.org/10.1142/S021962201450031X
Bothma, J. du P., et al. (1999). The cheetah. In Larger Carnivores of the African Savannas (pp. 92-115). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03766-9_4
Concern, Least. (2003). Sub-Saharan Africa (Ethiopian).
Thompson, S. E. (1998). Built for Speed: The Extraordinary, Enigmatic Cheetah. Twenty-First Century Books.
Altmann, J. (1974). Observational Study of Behavior: Sampling Methods. Behaviour, 49(3-4), 227-266. https://doi.org/10.1163/156853974X00534
Kucera, T. E., & Barrett, R. H. (2011). A History of Camera Trapping. In Camera Traps in Animal Ecology (pp. 23-42). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-99495-4_2
Kane, S. A., & Zamani, M. (2014). Falcons pursue prey using visual motion cues: new perspectives from animal-borne cameras. Journal of Experimental Biology, 217(2), 225-234. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.092403
Miller, S. A., Perrotti, W., Silverthorn, D. U., Dalley, A. F., Rarey, K. E., & Rarey, K. E. (2002). From college to clinic: Reasoning over memorization is key for understanding anatomy. Anatomical Record, 269(2), 69-80. https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.10071
Burkholder, T. J., Fingado, B., Baron, S., & Lieber, R. L. (1994). Relationship between muscle fiber types and sizes and muscle architectural properties in the mouse hindlimb. Journal of Morphology, 221(2), 177-190. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052210207
Cappozzo, A., Catani, F., Della Croce, U., & Leardini, A. (1995). Position and orientation in space of bones during movement: anatomical frame definition and determination. Clinical Biomechanics, 10(4), 171-178. https://doi.org/10.1016/0268-0033(95)91394-T
Butler, P. J., Woakes, A. J., Smale, K., Roberts, C. A., Hillidge, C. J., & Snow, D. H. (1993). Respiratory and Cardiovascular Adjustments During Exercise of Increasing Intensity and During Recovery in Thoroughbred Racehorses. Journal of Experimental Biology, 179(1), 159-180. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.179.1.159
Zahalak, G. I. (1990). Modeling Muscle Mechanics (and Energetics). In Multiple Muscle Systems (pp. 3-28). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9030-5_1
Miller, L. A., Goldman, D. I., Hedrick, T. L., Tytell, E. D., Wang, Z. J., Yen, J., & Alben, S. (2012). Using Computational and Mechanical Models to Study Animal Locomotion. Integrative and Comparative Biology, 52(5), 553-575. https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/ics115
Williams, T. M., et al. (1997). Skeletal muscle histology and biochemistry of an elite sprinter, the African cheetah. Journal of Comparative Physiology B, 167(6), 527-535. https://doi.org/10.1007/s003600050105
Hildebrand, M. (1985). Functional Vertebrate Morphology. Harvard University Press. https://doi.org/10.4159/harvard.9780674184404
Buckley, John G. "Biomechanical adaptations of transtibial amputee sprinting in athletes using dedicated prostheses." Clinical Biomechanics, 15(5), 352-358. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0268-0033(99)00094-7
Kim, Sangbae, and Patrick M. Wensing. "Design of dynamic legged robots." Foundations and Trends® in Robotics, 5(2), 117-190. https://doi.org/10.1561/2300000044
Preuschoft, H. (2022). Understanding Body Shapes of Animals: Shapes as Mechanical Constructions and Systems Moving on Minimal Energy Level. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27668-3
Kort, A. E. (2023). Morphology, Function, and Evolution of Lumbar Vertebrae in Paleogene Mammals (Doctoral dissertation, Indiana University).
Janis, C. M., Buttrill, K., & Figueirido, B. (2014). Locomotion in extinct giant kangaroos: were sthenurines hop-less monsters?. PLoS One, 9(10), e109888. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0109888
Martin, E. M., et al. (2022). Anatomical Correlates of Cursoriality are Compromised by Body Size and Propensity to Burrow in a Group of Small Mammals (Lagomorpha). Evolutionary Biology, 49(4), 464-481. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11692-022-09584-y
Uppal, A. K. (2020). Sports Training. Friends Publications (India).
Ijspeert, Auke J. "Biorobotics: Using robots to emulate and investigate agile locomotion." Science, 346(6206), 196-203. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1254486
Kitchener, A. C., Van Valkenburgh, B., Yamaguchi, N., Macdonald, D., & Loveridge, A. (2010). Felid form and function.
Hicks, J. H. (1953). The mechanics of the foot: I. The joints. Journal of Anatomy, 87(Pt 4), 345.
Polly, P. D., & Hall, B. K. (2007). Limbs in mammalian evolution. Fins into Limbs: Evolution, Development, and Transformation, 245-268.
Bullock, R. E. (1974). Functional analysis of locomotion in pronghorn antelope. The Behaviour of Ungulates and Its Relation to Management, 274-305.
Walker, Claire Nancy. (2020). Performance profiles and training loads of optimist sailors. Diss. Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University.
Weber, Candice J. (2006). The Process of Writing and Performing in a Live Wildlife Show. Diss. University of Akron.
Shield, Stacey, et al. (2021). Tails, flails, and sails: How appendages improve terrestrial maneuverability by improving stability. Integrative and comparative biology, 61(2), 506-520. https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/icab108
Colburn, A. M. W., et al. (2017). Cardiorespiratory effects of dexmedetomidine-butorphanol-midazolam (dbm): A fully reversible anesthetic protocol in captive and semi-free-ranging cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, 48(1), 40-47. https://doi.org/10.1638/2016-0042.1
Poole, D. C., & Erickson, H. H. (2008). Cardiovascular function and oxygen transport: responses to exercise and training. Equine Exercise Physiology: The Science of Exercise in the Athletic Horse, 212-245. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-070202857-1.50012-3
Gilbert Jr, E. M., & Brown, T. R. (2017). K-9 Structure & Terminology. Dogwise Publishing.
Pavlović, D., et al. (2018). Photonic structures improve radiative heat exchange of Rosalia alpina (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Journal of Thermal Biology, 76, 126-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2017.12.002