Optimizing the Administration of Civil Appeal Cases through the Electronic Justice System to Realize the Principles of Simple, Speedy, and Low-Cost Justice

Abstract

Appeal case administration continues to involve physical attendance, paper transfers between courts, and indirect costs for justice seekers. This study examines the regulation of electronic appeal administration under Indonesian positive law, evaluates its potential contribution to simple, speedy, and low-cost justice, and identifies strategies for optimization. A normative juridical method employed statutory, conceptual, and analytical approaches, supported by official secondary data and prior research. Lawrence M. Friedman’s legal system theory provided the analytical framework. The findings identify Supreme Court Regulations No. 3 of 2018, No. 1 of 2019, and No. 7 of 2022 as establishing a normative foundation for electronic filing, notification, submission of appeal memoranda, file inspection, and transmission of case files and appeal decisions. Digitizing these stages has the potential to simplify procedures, shorten waiting times, and reduce costs. However, implementation faces fragmented regulation and reliance on technical guidelines, uneven infrastructure, inconsistent administrative compliance, and limited digital literacy among some users. The study concludes that optimization requires regulatory harmonization, standardized files and contingency procedures, stronger personnel capacity and data security, and assistance for justice seekers. These priorities provide a normative basis for aligning electronic appeal administration with procedural simplicity, timely justice, and affordability.