Kedudukan Ahli Waris yang Tidak Mau Menyelesaikan Hutang Pewaris dan Pembagian Harta Warisnya The Legal Standing of Heirs Who Refuse to Settle the Debts of the Deceased and Distribute the Inherited Estate
Main Article Content
Abstract
Cases involving the refusal of inheritance by heirs often give rise to legal complications, particularly when the decedent dies under unnatural circumstances—such as homicide—and the order of death is uncertain. In such situations, heirs may reject the inheritance to avoid assuming the deceased’s outstanding debts. However, Islamic law upholds the ijbari principle, which mandates the acceptance of inheritance as a divine decree, determining both the share and the rightful recipients. This study aims to examine the legal mechanism for refusing inheritance and the distribution procedure when the primary heirs are no longer available. A quantitative method with a normative juridical approach was employed, utilizing primary data from statutory regulations, academic literature, and previous studies, alongside secondary data derived from publicly reported case chronologies in online media. The findings reveal that the refusal of inheritance (takharruj) is legally valid only if submitted directly by the concerned heir before a court and cannot be represented by third-party declarations. Furthermore, the distribution of the estate must proceed in accordance with the rights of lawful heirs or eligible substitutes. The study concludes that, under both Islamic and civil law, inheritance refusal is permissible, provided that it follows formal legal procedures. The implication is that any form of inheritance refusal must be formally submitted by the rightful heir in court to attain legal validity and to prevent potential disputes.
Downloads
Article Details

Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
References
Achmadiansyah, D. dan Mahmudi, Z. (2022). Penyelesaian perkara kewarisan bertingkat perspektif maqashid syariah. Sakina: Jurnal Studi Keluarga, 6(4). https://doi.org/10.18860/jfs.v7i1.2507
Ahmadzai, A., Najrabi, A., & Teaching, S. (2022). The Idea of Freedom in Islamic Thought 1. 6, 219–224. DOI: 10.55544/ijrah.2.6.29
Dewi, N. (2021). Kewarisan dalam Hukum Islam di Indonesia. Hukum Keluarga Islam, 1(1), 62–75. https://ejournal.an-nadwah.ac.id/index.php/ainulhaq/article/view/236
Eltsany, A. Z. A., & Misbahuzzulam. (2023). Penghalang Ahli Waris dalam Mendapatkan Warisan Akibat Dipersalahkan telah Menfitnah Pewaris. Jurnal Alwatzikhoebillah : Kajian Islam, Pendidikan, Ekonomi, Humaniora, 9(2), 434–442. https://doi.org/10.37567/alwatzikhoebillah.v9i2.1897
Fahimah, I. (2018). Sejarah Perkembangan Hukum Waris Di Indonesia. Nuansa : Jurnal Studi Islam Dan Kemasyarakatan, 11(2), 107–116. https://doi.org/10.29300/nuansa.v11i2.1367
Lahinda, R. (2023). Pembagian Harta Warisan Secara Adat Masyarakat Muslim Talaud. 3(1), 1–11. DOI: 10.30984/ajifl.v3i1.2539
Law, A., Tinggi, S., & Hukum, I. (2022). Islamic toleransi hukum islam terhadap sistem kewarisan adat di indonesia Asni Zubair. 4, 131–147. https://doi.org/10.59698/quru.v2i1.102
Masrofah, M., Febrianto, Y. B., & Romadhona, K. R. P. T. M. (n.d.). Analisis hukum waris islam dalam konteks kesetaraan gender dan perlindungan hak perempuan. . Journal of Innovative and Creativity (joecy),4, 115-125 . Journal of Innovative and Creativity (Joecy), 4, 115-125. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31004/joecy.v5i4.1453
Moechtar, O., Valentino, B., Wahono, D. C., Moechtar, O., Hukum, F., Airlangga, U., Dharmawangsa, J., & Selatan, D. (2020). Kajian komparatif lembaga penolakan waris dalam perspektif hukum waris adat dan Islam. 291–301. https://doi.org/10.26905/idjch.v11i3.42.Corresponding
Nisar, A., & Cusairi, M. (2025). Islamic Inheritance Rights for Women in Pakistan: Exploring Legal Safeguards and Social Challenges. 15(1). DOI: 10.32350/jitc.151.09
Prayitno, B., Septiandani, D., & Triasih, D. (2025). Akibat hukum ahli waris yang menolak menanggung hutang pewaris yang melebihi harta warisan: kajian hukum perdata dan hukum islam. Semarang Law Review (SLR), 6(1), 184-197. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.26623/slr.v6i1.11902
Qoidul Khoir. (2022). Analisis Tinjauan Hukum Islam Dan Hukum Perdata Terhadap Pembunuhan Sebagai Penghalang Kewarisan. Al Fuadiy : Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam, 4(2), 35–43. https://doi.org/10.55606/af.v4i2.77
Raja Ritonga, Dedisyah Putra, and A. H. (2021). “Teori Dan Praktek Hijab-Mahjub Dalam Kewarisan Islam Menurut Konsep Syajarotul Mirats. Tahkim (Jurnal Peradaban Dan Hukum Islam), 5. 10.29313/tahkim.v5i1.9437
Ramdani, R., & Karim, M. N. (2020). Penganiayaan Berat Sebagai Alasan Penghalang Mewarisi Dalam Kompilasi Hukum Islam Pasal 173 Huruf a. Al-Ahwal Al-Syakhsiyyah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Dan Peradilan Islam, 1(2), 97–110. https://doi.org/10.15575/as.v1i2.9908
Restianingsih, R., Sulistyandari, S., & Siswanta, A. (2025). Tanggung jawab ahli waris atas pembayaran uang pengganti tindak pidana korupsi sebagai upaya pemulihan kerugian negara dalam perspektif hukum perdata. S h. LR, 7(2), 134-150. https://doi.org/ttps://doi.org/10.20884/1.slr.2025.7.2.16114
Riyan Ramdani and M. Najib Karim. (2020). Penganiayaan Berat Sebagai Alasan Penghalang Mewarisi Dalam Kompilasi Hukum Islam Pasal 173 Huruf A,” Al-Ahwal Al-Syakhsiyyah97-110. Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Dan Peradilan Islam. https://doi.org/10.15575/as.v1i2.9908.
Soleman, W., Ambo, S., & Thalita, M. Della. (2022). Fiqih Mawaris dan Hukum Adat Waris Indonesia. Al-Mujtahid: Journal of Islamic Family Law, 2(2), 92. https://doi.org/10.30984/ajifl.v2i2.1958
Anak, K. (2022). Penarikan harta waris karena kedurhakaan anak (studi kasus desa tulung singkip lampung utara). https://repository.metrouniv.ac.id/id/eprint/5441
Harahap, J. A. (2022). Harta Warisan yang Ditolak oleh Ahli Waris dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam dan Hukum Perdata. 6(3), 5377–5386. http://repository.umsu.ac.id/handle/123456789/18396
Prayitno, B., Septiandani, D., & Triasih, D. (2025). Akibat Hukum Ahli Waris Yang Menolak Menanggung Hutang Pewaris Yang Melebihi Harta Warisan : Kajian Hukum Perdata Dan Hukum Islam Akibat Hukum Ahli Waris yang Menolak Menanggung Hutang Pewaris yang Melebihi Harta Warisan : Kajian Hukum Perdata dan Hukum Islam. 6. https://eskripsi.usm.ac.id/detail-A11A-1745.html
Virgiawan, M. R. and Suparsetyani, E. (2020). Tinjauan yuridis terhadap pembagian harta warisan alm. mangaradja dapotan jonas siahaan kepada ahli waris berdasarkan kitab undang-undang hukum perdata (studi kasus: putusan pengadilan negeri nomor 51/pdt.g/20.
At-Tuwaijri., S. M. bin I. (2012). Fiqih Islam Bab : Ilmu Waris (Faraidh) (Eko Haryanto Abu Ziyad & Mohammad Latif. Lc (ed.)).
Al-Jawziyyah, ibn al-qayyim. (1968). I’lam al Muwaqqi’in.
Al-Suyuthi. (n.d.). al-asybah wa al Nazha’ir.
Karjoko, L. (2019). Pendekatan dalam Penelitian Hukum Doktrinal.
Soekanto, Soerjono, M. (2001). Penelitian Hukum Normatif singkat.
Subekti. (2016). Pokok-pokok hukum perdata.
Fauzi, M. (2022). Asas-asas hukum waris. ahamadfauzi.com/2016/11/asas-asas-hukum-waris-islam_26.html




















