Peptic Ulcer Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Etiology, Diagnosis, and Modern Therapeutic Approaches
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Page Numbers:
196-200
Digital Object Identifier:
10.58578/ajstm.v2i2.5640
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Authors:Muhammad Akram1, Isaac John Umaru2, Abid Mahmood3, Mohammed Khudhair Hasan4, Hind A. Abdulghafoor5, Fahad Said Khan6, Fethi Ahmet Ozdemir7, Gaweł Sołowski8, Jaouher Ben Ali9, Jehan Mohammed Al-Musawi10
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Main Article Content
Abstract
Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is an ailment of the gastrointestinal tract that is quite common and is marked by the development of open lesions known as ulcers in the stomach as well as in the proximal duodenum. It arises as a consequence of the imbalance between the protective enzymatic mechanisms of the mucosa, and the injurious agents like gastric acid, pepsin, Helicobacter pylori, and even non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). While many ulcers heal spontaneously, complications such as bleeding, perforation, and gastric outlet obstruction can lead to serious morbidity or mortality. With PUD, they can be treated and/or prevented if basic instruction is provided alongside a proper overview of the condition's etiological basis. In this case, pharmacological therapy and endoscopic procedures are heavily applicable.
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