GC-MS Profiling and Pathogenic Effect of Khaya Anthotheca Methanolic Leaves Extract on Some Selected Fungi
Article Sidebar
Page Numbers:
218-230
Digital Object Identifier:
10.58578/mikailalsys.v2i2.3192
Viewed: 962 times
Downloaded: 279 times
LYAS Publisher cordially invites qualified professionals to serve as Editors or Reviewers. Your expertise will make an important contribution to maintaining and strengthening the academic quality of our publications. Interested applicants are kindly requested to complete the application form at the following link: Editors & Reviewers
Please feel free to contact us if you need any further information about the submission process or if you have any additional questions.
Authors:
Isaac John Umaru1, Philip Shadrach2, Godwin Baaku Adi3, Egeonu Stephen Ugoeze4, Chakfa Nanmar5, Andes Tensaba Akafa6, Kerenhappuch Isaac Umaru7, Bando Christopher David8 
Copyright :
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication.
Main Article Content
Abstract
This research evaluated GC-MS profile, and pathogenic effect of methanolic leaves extracts of Khaya anthotheca on Some Selected fungi. Khaya anthotheca a member of Meliaceae family is traditionally used for treating several ailments. The leaves were harvested in Sukundi road Wukari and air dried for four weeks, the leaves were pulverized into powder using manual blender and stored in an air tight container. Extraction was done with absolute methanol; the extract was filtered using mesh and the filtrate was concentrated at 68oC. Only two grams of the filtrate were used for the GC-MS study. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for statistical analysis. The GC-MS result revealed 50 constituents. Result of Methanolic extracts of leaves of Khaya anthotheca only showed significant activity against Aspergillus niger at dose100 µg/mL, Candida tropicalis and Fusarium oxysporium at dose 500 µg/mL. This study supports the use of Khaya anthotheca by indigenous herbalists by providing scientific proof of the plant's ability to treat pothegenic diseases. To establish the effectiveness of this plant in the management of fungal effections, more clinical trials at the clinical levels are needed.
Downloads
Article Details
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
References
Akinnuga AM, Bamidele O, Ebunlomo OA, Adeniyi OS, Adeleyea GS, Ebomuche LC. (2010). Hypoglycaemic effects of dietary intake of ripe and unripe lycopersicon esculentum (tomatoes) on streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus in rats. Online J Biol Sci. 10:50-3.
El-Serag HB, Tran T, Everhart JE. (2010). Diabetes increases the risk of chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterology. 2004 Feb 1;126(2):460-8. Available at:https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2003.10.065
De Marco R, Locatelli F, Zoppini G, Verlato G, Bonora E, Muggeo M. (1999). Cause-specific mortality in type 2 diabetes. The Verona Diabetes Study. Diabetes care. May 1;22(5):756-61. Available at:https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.22.5.756
Umar A, Ahmed QU, Muhammad BY, Dogarai BB, Soad SZ. (2010). Anti-hyperglycemic activity of the leaves of Tetracera scandens Linn. Merr. (Dilleniaceae) in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. Aug 19;131(1):140-5. Available at:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2010.06.016
Brownlee M. (2005). The pathobiology of diabetic complications: a unifying mechanism. diabetes. Jun 1;54(6):1615-25. Available at https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.54.6.1615
Albano E. (2006). Alcohol, oxidative stress and free radical damage. Proceedings of the nutrition society. Aug;65(3):278-90. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1079/PNS2006496
Novo E, Parola M. (2008). Redox mechanisms in hepatic chronic wound healing and fibrogenesis. Fibrogenesis & tissue repair. Dec;1(1):1-58. Available at:https://doi.org/10.1186/1755-1536-1-5
Rendell M. (2004). The role of sulphonylureas in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Drugs. Jun;64:1339-58. Available at: https://doi.org/10.2165/00003495-200464120-00006
Das K, Tiwari RK, Shrivastava DK. (2010). Techniques for evaluation of medicinal plant products as antimicrobial agent: Current methods and future trends. Journal of medicinal plants research. Jan 18;4(2):104-11. Available at: https://doi.org/ 10.5897/JMPR09.030
Umaru IJ, Badruddin FA, Umaru HA. (2018). Phytochemical, antifungal and antibacterial potential of Leptadenia hastata stem-bark extract. MOJ Toxicol.4(4):263-8.
Aboh MI, Olayinka BO, Adeshina GO, Oladosu P. (2014). Antifungal activities of phyto compounds from Mitracarpus villosus (Sw.) DC from Abuja, Nigeria. J Microbiol Res.4(2):86-91. Available at: https://doi.org/ 10.5923/j.microbiology.20140402.07
Umaru I, Fasihuddin A, Zaini B. (2017). Antifungal activity of Leptadenia hastata (Pers) Decne leaves extract. Int. J. Pure Appl. Biosci. 5:14-8. Available at:http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.5996
National Center for Biotechnology Information. (2023). PubChem Compound Summary for CID 31284, Methyl Tetradecanoate. Retrieved May 10. Available at:https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Methyl-tetradecanoate.
Rao BG, Rao ES, Rao TM. (2012). Quantification of phytochemical constituents and in-vitro antioxidant activity of Mesua ferrea leaves. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine. Feb 1;2(2):S539-42. Available at:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(12)60269-X
Imo C, Yakubu OE, Imo NG, Udegbunam IS, Onukwugha OJ. (2018). Chemical composition of Xylopia aethiopica fruits. Am J Physiol Biochem Pharmacol.7(2):48-53. Available at: https://doi.org /10.5455/ajpbp.20180521064020
Mahato SB, Sen S. (1997). Advances in triterpenoid research, 1990–1994. Phytochemistry. Apr 1;44(7):1185-236. Available at:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(96)00639-5
Nestel P, Clifton P, Noakes M. (1994). Effects of increasing dietary palmitoleic acid compared with palmitic and oleic acids on plasma lipids of hypercholesterolemic men. Journal of lipid research. Apr 1;35(4):656-62. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-2275(20)41179-4
Shadrach P, Imo C, Otitoju O, Mohammad ZI, Asaph PM. (2023). Phytochemical Constituents of Ethanolic Extracts of Riped and Unriped Fruits of Dennettia tripetala. Interna J of Pharma02.5(1): 01-07.
Aparna V, Dileep KV, Mandal PK, Karthe P, Sadasivan C, Haridas M. (2012). Anti‐inflammatory property of n‐hexadecanoic acid: structural evidence and kinetic assessment. Chemical biology & drug design. Sep;80(3):434-9. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-0285.2012.01418.x
Bruce SO, Onyemailu VO, Orji CE. (2021). Evaluation of the antiulcer activity and GC-MS spectroscopic Analysis of the crude ethanolic extract of Peuraria Phaseoloide Leaf (Roxb) Benth.(FABACEAE). World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. Jun 1;10(7):39-59. Available at: https://doi.org/ 10.20959/wjpr20217-20585
Olivia NU, Goodness UC, Obinna OM. (2021). Phytochemical profiling and GC-MS analysis of aqueous methanol fraction of Hibiscus asper leaves. Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Dec;7:1-5. Available at:https://doi.org/10.1186/s43094-021-00208-4
Hameed IH, Altameme HJ, Mohammed GJ. (2016). Evaluation of antifungal and antibacterial activity and analysis of bioactive phytochemical compounds of Cinnamomum zeylanicum (Cinnamon bark) using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Oriental Journal of Chemistry.32(4):1769. Available at:http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojc/320406
Yu H, Feng J, Zhang Q, Xu H. (2015). (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate and 1-undecanol increase male attraction to sex pheromone trap in Grapholita molesta (Busck)(Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). International Journal of Pest Management. Jan 2;61(1):30-5. Available at:https://doi.org/10.1080/09670874.2014.986560
Vanitha V, Vijayakumar S, Nilavukkarasi M, Punitha VN, Vidhya E, Praseetha PK. (2020). A novel microbsicidal bioactive alkane identified from Plumbago zeylanica L. Industrial Crops and Products. Oct 15;154:112748. Available at:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112748
Deep A, Phogat P, Kumar M, Kakkar S, Mittal SK, Malhotra M. (2012). New tetradecanoic acid hydrazones in the search for antifungal agents: synthesis and in vitro evaluations. Acta Poloniae Pharmaceut Drug Res. Jan 1;69:129-33.
Umaru IJ, Badruddin FA, Umaru HA. Phytochemical, antifungal and antibacterial potential of Leptadenia hastata stem-bark extract. MOJ Toxicol. 2018;4(4):263-8.
Aboh MI, Olayinka BO, Adeshina GO, Oladosu P. (2014). Antifungal activities of phyto compounds from Mitracarpus villosus (Sw.) DC from Abuja, Nigeria. J Microbiol Res.4(2):86-91. Available at: https://doi.org/ 10.5923/j.microbiology.20140402.07
Umaru I, Fasihuddin A, Zaini B. (2017). Antifungal activity of Leptadenia hastata (Pers) Decne leaves extract. Int. J. Pure Appl. Biosci.5:14-8. Available at:http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.5996
National Center for Biotechnology Information. (2023). PubChem Compound Summary for CID 31284, Methyl Tetradecanoate. Retrieved May 10. Available at:https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Methyl-tetradecanoate.
Rao BG, Rao ES, Rao TM. (2012). Quantification of phytochemical constituents and in-vitro antioxidant activity of Mesua ferrea leaves. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine. Feb 1;2(2):S539-42. Available at:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(12)60269-X
Imo C, Yakubu OE, Imo NG, Udegbunam IS, Onukwugha OJ. (2018). Chemical composition of Xylopia aethiopica fruits. Am J Physiol Biochem Pharmacol.7(2):48-53. Available at: https://doi.org /10.5455/ajpbp.20180521064020
Mahato SB, Sen S. (1997). Advances in triterpenoid research, 1990–1994. Phytochemistry. Apr 1;44(7):1185-236. Available at:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(96)00639-5
Nestel P, Clifton P, Noakes M. (1994). Effects of increasing dietary palmitoleic acid compared with palmitic and oleic acids on plasma lipids of hypercholesterolemic men. Journal of lipid research. Apr 1;35(4):656-62. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-2275(20)41179-4
Shadrach P, Imo C, Otitoju O, Mohammad ZI, Asaph PM. (2023). Phytochemical Constituents of Ethanolic Extracts of Riped and Unriped Fruits of Dennettia tripetala. Interna J of Pharma02.5(1): 01-07.
Aparna V, Dileep KV, Mandal PK, Karthe P, Sadasivan C, Haridas M. (2012). Anti‐inflammatory property of n‐hexadecanoic acid: structural evidence and kinetic assessment. Chemical biology & drug design. Sep;80(3):434-9. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-0285.2012.01418.x
Umaru I J, Ebenezer Morayo Ale, Kerenhappuch I U, Mulikat Adenike Adewole, Chinedu Christain Iheanacho, Glory Godwin Ebuk. (2024). Antibacterial Potential and Anti-Ulcer Activity of Methanol Extract of Khaya anthotheca on Indomethacin Induced Ulcer in Albino Wistar Rats. Asian J. Biol. Sci., 17 (4): 496-504. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajbs.2024.496.504