The Relationship between Gadget Addiction Level and Tantrum Behavior in Children Aged 4-6 Years
Main Article Content
Abstract
Early childhood is a critical period for emotional development and behavioral regulation. Increasing digital device use among young children has raised concerns about its association with tantrum behavior, although research examining addiction-related use rather than screen duration alone remains limited. This study aimed to examine the relationship between gadget addiction levels and tantrum behavior among children aged 4–6 years at Widya Santhi Buana Kindergarten, West Denpasar District. A quantitative correlational approach with a cross-sectional design was employed, involving 45 parents or guardians recruited through total sampling. Data were collected on April 15, 2026, through online questionnaires administered using Google Forms. The instruments comprised an adapted Digital Addiction Scale for Children with 25 items, which demonstrated high internal consistency during pilot testing (Cronbach’s α = .977), and the 31-item Rating Scale of Angry Emotional Behavior and Temper Tantrum. Univariate analysis summarized the distributions of gadget addiction levels and tantrum behavior, while Spearman’s rank correlation assessed their relationship. The results showed that 48.9% of children were classified as having moderate gadget addiction levels. Regarding tantrum behavior, 53.3% were classified as exhibiting no tantrum behavior, whereas 22.2% were classified as exhibiting severe tantrum behavior. A strong, positive, and statistically significant correlation was identified between gadget addiction levels and tantrum behavior (ρ = .641, p < .001). Higher parent-reported gadget addiction levels were therefore associated with greater tantrum severity within the participating group. The cross-sectional design and reliance on parent-reported measures limit causal interpretation. These findings may inform parent education concerning supervised device use and consistent family rules. Further research should include larger samples, examine parenting styles and other relevant factors, and use longitudinal designs to clarify the direction of the relationship.
Citation Metrics:
Downloads
Citation Metrics & Similar Scopus Articles
-
Poezzhaev I.P. (2028)Placer formation processes in the cenozoic of Northern and Eastern KazakhstanKompleksnoe Ispolzovanie Mineralnogo Syra, 345(2), 52-71
-
Myrzaliyeva S.K. (2028)The environmental efficiency of the combined combustion of low-grade Ekibastuz coal and plant biomassKompleksnoe Ispolzovanie Mineralnogo Syra, 347(4), 5-14
-
Berkinbayev G.D. (2028)Radioactivity as a prospecting indicator of rare earth, gold and polymetal deposits in eastern Kazakhstan and an indicator of increased radioecological hazard during their developmentKompleksnoe Ispolzovanie Mineralnogo Syra, 346(3), 40-51
Article Details
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
References
American Academy of Pediatrics. (2022). Children, adolescents, and digital media: Risks and opportunities. Pediatrics, 149(6), Article e2022054321.
Anggraini, N., Br Ginting, S. A., & Dazura, W. (2023). Pengaruh Perkembangan Sosial Emosional pada Perilaku Anak Usia Dini. Hukum dan Demokrasi, 23(1), 31–39. https://doi.org/10.61234/hd.v23i1.13
Batubara, M., Nasution, M. I. M., Syahrin, T. A., Lubis, M. Y., Nujaima, I., & Husna, A. U. (2023). Pengaruh Gadget terhadap Anak Usia Dini. Communnity Development Journal, 4(4), 7429–7435.
Domoff, S. E., Borgen, A. L., Kim, S. J., & Emond, J. A. (2021). Prevalence and predictors of children’s persistent screen time requests: A national sample of parents. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 3(5), 700–709. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.322
Falensia, R. (2025). Dampak Penggunaan Gadget Berlebihan terhadap Perkembangan Emosional Anak Usia Dini. DUNIA ANAK: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 8(2), 139–145. https://jurnal.stkippersada.ac.id/jurnal/index.php/PAUD/article/view/5738
Fatimah, E. R., & Istikomah. (2021). Konsep Perkembangan Kognitif Anak Usia Dini (Studi Komparatif Jean Piaget dan Al-Ghozali) [The concept of early childhood cognitive development (A comparative study of Jean Piaget and Al-Ghozali)]. ALAYYA: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Anak Usia Dini, 1(1), 1–31. https://ejurnal.iaiyasnibungo.ac.id/index.php/alayya/article/view/317
Febriani, N., & Kurniawan, F. A. (2025). Dampak Penggunaan Gadget terhadap Pola Komunikasi dan Keseimbangan Sosial Generasi Alpha di Era Digital. Journal of Smart Education and Learning, 2(2), 93–102. https://doi.org/10.53088/jsel.v2i2.2353
Halipah, S., & Suyatmin, S. (2024). Manfaat Bermain untuk Mengembangkan Aspek Sosial dan Emosi Anak Usia Dini. Masa Keemasan: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 4(1), 37–42. https://doi.org/10.46368/mkjpaud.v4i1.1958
Hawi, N. S., Samaha, M., & Griffiths, M. D. (2019). The Digital Addiction Scale for Children: Development and validation. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 22(12), 771–778. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2019.0132
Idhayanti, R. I., Winarsih, S., Masini, M., Sarwono, B., Agustina, R., Safitri, S., Wijayanti, N. Z. D., Rahmawati, N. D., & Nurjanah, A. S. (2022). Cegah Tantrum pada Anak Melalui Pendampingan Ibu Balita. LINK, 18(1), 37–42. https://doi.org/10.31983/link.v18i1.8050
Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia. (2023). Pedoman Penggunaan Gawai pada Anak Usia Dini di Indonesia. https://idai.or.id
Irzalinda, V., & Latifah, M. (2023). Screen time and early childhood well-being: A systematic literature review approach. Journal of Family Sciences, 18–34. https://doi.org/10.29244/jfs.vi.49792
Johal, G. (2024). Screen time and emotional regulation in children (8–14 years). Academe Journal of Education & Psychology, 14(2), 56–64. https://academejournal.in/paper-details.php?id=363&vid=69&yid=25
Kamilla, K. N., & Putri, A. A. P. (2025). Dampak Kecanduan Gadget pada Kemampuan Regulasi Emosi Anak Usia 4–5 Tahun. Aulad: Journal on Early Childhood, 8(2), 878–888. https://doi.org/10.31004/aulad.v8i2.1173
Komite Etik Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Nasional. (2021). Pedoman dan Standar Etik Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Nasional. Lembaga Penerbit Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan. https://www.badankebijakan.kemkes.go.id/repositori/id/eprint/4214/
Kota Denpasar. (2025). Kota Denpasar, Indonesia—Statistik. https://id.zhujiworld.com/id/915584-kota-denpasar/#details
Lestari, W. A., Putri, C. E., Sugiarti, R., & Suhariadi, F. (2021). Pengelolaan Perilaku Tantrum oleh Ibu terhadap Anak Usia 12–48 Bulan. Proyeksi, 16(2), 208–219. https://jurnal.unissula.ac.id/index.php/proyeksi/article/view/15880
Li, X. (2023). Emotion understanding, expression, and regulation in early childhood. Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences, 15, 25–30. https://doi.org/10.54097/ehss.v15i.9055
Mulfiani, T. N., & Rakimahwati, R. (2023). Case study of tantrum behavior in early childhood. AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan, 15(3), 3327–3333. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v15i3.4173
Nanda, F. I., & Rusdiani, N. I. (2024). Intervensi Guru terhadap Perilaku Tantrum Anak Usia Toddler di Daycare Pocenter. BUHUTS AL ATHFAL: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Anak Usia Dini, 4(1), 64–74. https://doi.org/10.24952/alathfal.v4i1.10579
Qomariah, S., Panggabean, S., & Siagian, D. S. (2025). The relationship between gadget use and socio-emotional development of preschool children in Islamic Kindergarten Integrated Raudhatul Jannah Senapelan Alwashliyah Pekanbaru City. Jurnal Maternitas Kebidanan, 10(2), 140–149. https://doi.org/10.34012/jumkep.v10i2.7670
Radesky, J. S., Kaciroti, N., Weeks, H. M., Schaller, A., & Miller, A. L. (2023). Longitudinal associations between use of mobile devices for calming and emotional reactivity and executive functioning in children aged 3 to 5 years. JAMA Pediatrics, 177(1), 62–70. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2022.4793
Rahayu, S., Wulandari, A., & Azainil. (2025). The effect of digital technology use on emotion regulation of elementary school students. Edunesia: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, 6(3), 1647–1658. https://doi.org/10.51276/edu.v6i3.1335
Rahmayunita, A. Y. (2026). Regulasi Emosi pada Anak Usia Dini: Tinjauan Teoretis dalam Perspektif Psikologi Perkembangan. Jiwara: Jurnal Psikologi dan Bimbingan Konseling, 1(1), 1–11. https://ejournal.darulfaizin.or.id/index.php/jiwara/article/view/69
Ramdana, N., Usman, Ilyas, S. N., Rahayu, & Razak, A. (2024). Gadget dan Anak: Mengukur Dampaknya terhadap Tumbuh Kembang Peserta Didik. SOCIETIES: Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 4(1), 19–26.
Rismala, M. O., Firdaus, A. D., & Febriani, R. T. (2024). Hubungan antara Durasi Penggunaan Gadget dengan Perkembangan Sosial Anak Usia Prasekolah (4–5 Tahun). Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan STIKES Hang Tuah Surabaya, 19(1), 67–75. https://doi.org/10.30643/jiksht.v19i1.344
Sajawandi, L., Najach, S. Y., Farhani, K. A., Riana, Darini, & Pramuditya, A. A. P. (2025). Analisis Perubahan Perilaku pada Anak Usia Dini yang Kecanduan Gawai: Sebuah Tinjauan Pustaka Sistematik. J-Simbol: Jurnal Magister Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, 13(2), 1342–1349. https://doi.org/10.23960/simbol.v13i2.1480
Setyarini, D. I., Rengganis, S. G., Ardhiani, I. T., & Mas’udah, E. K. (2023). Analisis Dampak Screen Time terhadap Potensi Tantrum dan Perkembangan Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 7(2), 2496–2504. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v7i2.3376
Somoyani, N. K., & Rahyani, N. K. Y. (2025). Edukasi Pola Asuh Orangtua dalam Pencegahan Temper Tantrum Melalui Pemberdayaan Nakes dan Ibu Batita di Praktik Mandiri Bidan di Denpasar Selatan. Jurnal Pengabmas Masyarakat Sehat, 7(1), 20–30. https://ejournal.poltekkes-denpasar.ac.id/index.php/JPMS/article/view/3794
Sugiyono. (2019). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D (Edisi revisi). Alfabeta.
Trisno Putri, N. R. I. A., Astuti, V. W., & Zuhrufillah, I. (2023). Penggunaan Gadget dan Kejadian Temper Tantrum pada Anak Usia 1 hingga 5 Tahun. Jurnal Keperawatan Raflesia, 5(1), 47–56. https://doi.org/10.33088/jkr.v5i1.907
Wigati, D., & Mufidah, W. (2022). Pengembangan Alat Ukur Metode Observasi Rating Scale: Perilaku Emosi Marah dan Temper Tantrum pada Anak Usia Dini. IDEA: Jurnal Psikologi, 6(2), 99–106. https://doi.org/10.32492/idea.v6i2.6205
Wilianti, R., & Hasibuan, R. (2024). Hubungan Penggunaan Gadget terhadap Potensi Tantrum pada Anak Usia 4–5 Tahun. PAUD Teratai, 13(2), 1–6. https://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/paud-teratai/article/view/61179
World Health Organization. (2019). Guidelines on physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep for children under 5 years of age. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241550536
Article Sidebar
Page Numbers:
8922-8935
Digital Object ID:
Viewed: 12 times
Downloaded: 6 times
LYAS Publisher cordially invites qualified professionals to serve as Editors or Reviewers. Your expertise will make an important contribution to maintaining and strengthening the academic quality of our publications. Interested applicants are kindly requested to complete the application form at the following link: Editors & Reviewers
Please feel free to contact us if you need any further information about the submission process or if you have any additional questions.
Authors:
Copyright :Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication.
Explore Our Journals
Find the journal that best fits your research. If this journal does not match your manuscript’s scope, explore our portfolio below to select a more suitable publication venue.