The Influence of Profitability, Firm Size, and Leverage on Tax Aggressiveness: Evidence from Food and Beverage Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (2023–2025)
Main Article Content
Abstract
Tax aggressiveness remains a major concern in corporate taxation because it may reduce government revenue while reflecting firms’ strategic tax-planning practices. However, empirical evidence regarding the effects of corporate financial characteristics on tax aggressiveness remains inconclusive, particularly within Indonesia’s food and beverage subsector. This study aims to examine the effects of profitability, firm size, and leverage on tax aggressiveness among food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2023–2025. A quantitative approach with an explanatory research design was employed using secondary data derived from audited annual financial statements. The sample comprised 14 companies selected through purposive sampling, and the data were analyzed using multiple linear regression with IBM SPSS. The findings indicate that profitability, firm size, and leverage have no significant effects on tax aggressiveness, either partially or simultaneously. These results suggest that corporate tax aggressiveness may be shaped by factors beyond financial performance, organizational scale, and capital structure. This study contributes recent empirical evidence to the corporate taxation literature and highlights the need to consider broader organizational, governance, and regulatory determinants when examining corporate tax behavior. The findings also provide practical implications for companies and relevant stakeholders seeking to strengthen transparent, accountable, and sustainable corporate tax governance.
Downloads
Citation Metrics & Similar Scopus Articles
-
Reddy P.D. (2027)INFLUENCE OF BIOPHYSICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERS OF OIL PALM AND GUAVA LEAVES ON ALEURODICUS RUGIOPERCULATUSIndian Journal of Entomology, 89(2), 404-407
-
Mirzahosseini M. (2027)A Review of Constitutive Modeling of Unsaturated SoilsIranian Journal of Geophysics, 20(3), 81-128
-
Tungjitwitayakul J. (2027)SPECIES-SPECIFIC QPCR FOR DETECTING TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM LEVELS IN WHEAT FLOURIndian Journal of Entomology, 89(2)
Article Details

Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
References
Alaika, A. A., Chaerani, E. Y., Fuqoha, M. S., & Firmansyah, A. (2023). Tax avoidance and firm value: Moderating role of intellectual capital. Jurnal Riset Akuntansi Terpadu, 16(1), 50–63. https://doi.org/10.35448/jrat.v16i1.19172
Amalia, U., Samsinar, S., & Ryketeng, M. (2026). Pengaruh Leverage dan Profitabilitas terhadap Agresivitas Pajak pada Sektor Aneka Industri yang Terdaftar di BEI 2022–2024. OPTIMAL Jurnal Ekonomi dan Manajemen, 6(2), 358–375. https://doi.org/10.55606/optimal.v6i2.10644
Apriliana, N. (2022). Pengaruh Likuiditas, Profitabilitas, dan Leverage terhadap Agresivitas Pajak. Jurnal Cendekia Keuangan, 1(1), 27–41. https://doi.org/10.32503/jck.v1i1.2239
Brigham, E. F., & Houston, J. F. (2021). Fundamentals of financial management (15th ed.). Cengage Learning. https://www.cengage.com/c/fundamentals-of-financial-management-15e-brigham
Cahyani, G. I., & Wahyudi, I. (2025). Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Leverage, Likuiditas, dan Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Penghindaran Pajak pada Sub Sektor Makanan dan Minuman. As-Syirkah: Islamic Economic & Financial Journal, 4(1), 56–64. https://doi.org/10.56672/06derm37
Darningsih, A. (2025). Pengaruh Likuiditas, Profitabilitas, dan Leverage terhadap Agresivitas Pajak dengan Ukuran Perusahaan sebagai Variabel Moderasi pada Perusahaan Subsektor Makanan dan Minuman yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) 2019–2023. Jurnal Perilaku Bisnis Kontemporer, 2(1), 32–40. https://doi.org/10.62769/jbbv7v34
Ellysta, C. D. (2025). Pengaruh Profitabilitas terhadap Agresivitas Pajak: Studi pada Perusahaan Manufaktur di Bursa Efek ASEAN. Jurnal Literasi Akuntansi, 4(4), 215–221. https://doi.org/10.55587/jla.v4i4.134
Fitri, M. I. N., & Setyaningsih, N. D. (2025). Agresivitas Pajak pada Emiten Sub Sektor Makanan dan Minuman di Indonesia. JAF: Journal of Accounting and Finance, 9(2), 81–95. https://doi.org/10.25124/jaf.v9i2.9417
Harahap, S. S. (2018). Analisis Kritis atas Laporan Keuangan. Rajawali Pers.
Ishak, T., Hardianto, Adliyah, N., & Ayyub, M. (2025). Dasar-Dasar Perpajakan. CV Bravo Press Indonesia. https://repository.uinpalopo.ac.id/id/eprint/12050/
Kementerian Perindustrian Republik Indonesia. (2023). Laporan Kinerja Kementerian Perindustrian Tahun 2023.
Kompas.com. (2020, November 23). RI Diperkirakan Rugi Rp68,7 Triliun Akibat Penghindaran Pajak. https://money.kompas.com/read/2020/11/23/183000126/ri-diperkirakan-rugi-rp-687-triliun-akibat-penghindaran-pajak
Lesmono, B., & Siregar, S. (2021). Studi Literatur tentang Agency Theory. Ekonomi, Keuangan, Investasi dan Syariah (EKUITAS), 3(2), 203–210. https://doi.org/10.47065/ekuitas.v3i2.1128
Liputan6.com. (2021, January 15). DJP Temukan Ratusan Perusahaan Diduga Lakukan Penghindaran Pajak melalui Manipulasi Transaksi.
Mardiasmo. (2019). Perpajakan (Edisi revisi). Andi.
Martinez, A. L. (2017). Agressividade tributária: Um survey da literatura. Revista de Educação e Pesquisa em Contabilidade (REPeC), 11. https://doi.org/10.17524/repec.v11i0.1724
Masyitah, E., Sari, E. P., Syahputri, A., & Julyanthry. (2022). Pengaruh Leverage, Profitabilitas, dan Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Agresivitas Pajak: Studi Empiris Perusahaan Plastik dan Kemasan yang Terdaftar di BEI Periode 2016–2020. Jurnal Akuntansi dan Pajak, 23(1). https://jurnal.stie-aas.ac.id/index.php/jap/article/view/5854
Murwani, M. C. I. (2023). Pengaruh Corporate Social Responsibility, Leverage, Profitabilitas, dan Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Agresivitas Pajak: Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Sektor Industri Barang Konsumsi yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2018–2022. Global Accounting: Jurnal Akuntansi, 2(2), 1–15. https://jurnal.ubd.ac.id/index.php/ga/article/view/2446
Mustika, E. P., & Nursiam, N. (2024). The effect of profitability, liquidity, and leverage on tax aggressiveness. Transekonomika: Akuntansi, Bisnis dan Keuangan, 4(5), 654–664. https://doi.org/10.55047/transekonomika.v4i5.736
Rahmawati, D., & Nani, D. A. (2021). Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Ukuran Perusahaan, dan Tingkat Hutang terhadap Tax Avoidance. Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan, 26(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.23960/jak.v26i1.246
Resmi, S. (2019). Perpajakan: Teori dan Kasus (Edisi ke-11). Salemba Empat.
Riyanto, B. (2015). Dasar-Dasar Pembelanjaan Perusahaan. BPFE.
Rohmansyah, B., Sunaryo, D., & Siregar, I. G. (2021). Pengaruh Leverage, Profitabilitas, dan Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Agresivitas Pajak pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sektor Makanan dan Minuman yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2013–2017. Journal of Accounting Science and Technology, 1(2), 87–97. https://doi.org/10.31000/jast.v1i2.4220
Rosmalinda, E. D. (2024). Pengaruh Profitabilitas dan Nilai Perusahaan terhadap Agresivitas Pajak pada Perusahaan Manufaktur ASEAN. Jurnal Literasi Akuntansi, 4(3), 153–162. https://doi.org/10.55587/jla.v4i3.133
Sanjaya, C. F., & Ngadiman. (2025). Pengaruh Likuiditas, Profitabilitas, dan Leverage terhadap Agresivitas Pajak. Jurnal Paradigma Akuntansi, 7(1), 392–400. https://doi.org/10.24912/jpa.v7i1.33122
Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 7 Tahun 2021 tentang Harmonisasi Peraturan Perpajakan. (2021). Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2021 Nomor 246. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/details/185162/uu-no-7-tahun-2021
Vionyca, P. A., & Anggraini, D. I. (2025). Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan, Leverage, dan Profitabilitas terhadap Penghindaran Pajak pada Perusahaan Sub-Sektor Makanan dan Minuman yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2022–2024. PENG: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Manajemen, 2(4), 4336–4343. https://doi.org/10.62710/9f63yf93
Yuliati, Y. (2025). Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Leverage, dan Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Penghindaran Pajak pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sub Sektor Makanan dan Minuman yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Jurnal Sosial Teknologi, 5(8), 3067–3083. https://doi.org/10.59188/jurnalsostech.v5i8.32352
Yunus, R., Tamsil, & Paweroi, A. (2025). Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Leverage, dan Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Penghindaran Pajak. Didaktik: Jurnal Ilmiah PGSD STKIP Subang, 11(4), 263–274. https://doi.org/10.36989/didaktik.v11i04.8757
Zulmaizar, M., & Hendrawan, A. (2025). Pengaruh Leverage, Profitabilitas, Ukuran Perusahaan, dan Likuiditas terhadap Agresivitas Pajak: Studi Empiris pada Sub Sektor Makanan dan Minuman yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia 2019–2024. AKADEMIK: Jurnal Mahasiswa Ekonomi & Bisnis, 5(2), 1133–1145. https://doi.org/10.37481/jmeb.v5i2.1324






















