Perbandingan Tindak Pidana antara Pelecehan, Pemerkosaan, dan Perzinaan dalam Hukum Positif dan Hukum Pidana Islam Comparison of Criminal Offenses between Harassment, Rape, and Adultery in Positive Law and Islamic Criminal Law
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1658-1670
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10.58578/ahkam.v5i2.10051
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Authors:Siti Anah Mariam1*, Helfi Helfi2
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Abstract
This study was motivated by an incident in Jorong Galogah, Nagari Kamang Baru, namely sexual intercourse between a man and a woman that occurred in a prayer room. This study aims to determine the elements of criminal acts arising from the incident and to analyze the similarities and differences among sexual harassment, rape, and adultery in positive law and Islamic criminal law. This study used field research with a qualitative approach conducted at the Muaro District Court and Nagari Kamang Baru. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation, and were then analyzed using a descriptive-analytical method to draw conclusions. The results showed that the act of sexual intercourse in Jorong Galogah could not be classified into a single form of criminal act because its elements could be assessed differently under positive law and Islamic criminal law. From the perspective of positive law, the incident indicated the fulfillment of the elements of sexual violence, particularly when viewed from the victim’s condition, the age difference, the victim’s status as under 18 years old or still classified as a minor, and the element of consent attached to the incident. Meanwhile, from the perspective of Islamic criminal law, the act was viewed as adultery because it fulfilled the elements of adultery, occurred outside a valid marital bond, and was based on mutual consent. The conclusion of this study emphasizes that the classification of sexual criminal acts needs to be analyzed carefully by considering the elements of the act, the victim’s age, consent, and the legal basis used. The implications of this study provide a contribution to comparative criminal law studies and a more comprehensive understanding of differences in legal constructions between positive law and Islamic criminal law in assessing certain sexual incidents.
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