Isolation and Identification of Phenol Degrading Bacteria in Refuse Dumping Site
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10.58578/kijst.v1i1.3686
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Abstract
Phenol is a harmful compound found in soil, and its removal is crucial for human health. Phenol or hydroxybenzene, is both a synthetically and naturally produced aromatic compound. Microorganisms capable of degrading phenol are common and include both aerobes and anaerobes. In this study, researchers collected soil samples from INEX refuse dumping site along Bajoga road of kwami, Gombe state, and determined the abundance of heterotrophic and degradation bacteria using serial dilution and most probable number (MPN) methods. This experimental research study was carried out in order to isolate and identify phenol-degrading bacteria in polluted soil, the effect of concentration and pH was analysed during the procedure. Bacteria was isolated from contaminated soil and sub-cultured in a Mineral-salt media which was prepared with phenol added as the only carbon source needed for the bacterial growth, The bacterial isolate was identified as Escherichia coli a gram-negative bacteria. The favourable concentration and pH required for the growth of the bacteria was determined as 200mg/L and pH 7 respectively. These findings have significance in bioremediation for employing suitable bacteria in suitable condition for solving environmental pollution crises.
Keywords:
Phenol degradation; Hydroxybenzene; Soil contamination; Bioremediation; Heterotrophic bacteria
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Muhammad, M. B., Aisami, A., Dauda, M. A., Adeseye, A. S., Umaru, I. J., Oluwabunmi, H., Habibu, B., & Oladele, G. O. (2024). Isolation and Identification of Phenol Degrading Bacteria in Refuse Dumping Site. Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology, 1(1), 495-509. https://doi.org/10.58578/kijst.v1i1.3686
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
References
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Bódalo, A., Gómez, E., Hidalgo, A. M., Gómez, M., Murcia, M. D., & López, I. (2009). Nanofiltration membranes to reduce phenol concentration in wastewater. Desalination, 245(1-3), 680-686.
Campanella, L., Beone, T., Sammartino, M. P., & Tomassetti, M. (1993). Determination of phenol in wastes and water using an enzyme sensor. Analyst, 118(8), 979-986.
Cappuccino, J. G., & Sherman, N. (2013). Microbiology: a laboratory manual. Pearson Higher Ed.
Creek, J. K., Bender, M. A., & Olson, L. J. (2004). Respiratory, cardiovascular, and liver-related health issues associated with air pollutants. Journal of Environmental Health, 66(8), 21-27.
Divate, S. B., & Hinge, R. V. (2014). Review on research removal of phenol from wastewater by using different methods. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 4(5), 1-3.
Doble, M., & Kumar, A. (2005). Biotreatment of industrial effluents. Elsevier.
Farshid, A., Sonal, S., & Majid, H. (2010). Biodegradation of phenol at high concentrations by a mutant strain of Pseudomonas putida. Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, 7(4), 229-238.
Gianfreda, L., Iamarino, G., Scelza, R., & Rao, M. A. (2006). Oxidative catalysts for the transformation of phenolic pollutants: a brief review. Biocatalysis and biotransformation, 24(3), 177-187.
Gonzalez, P.S., Capozucca, C.E., Tiger, H.A., Milrad, S.R., Agostini, E. (2006). Phytoremediation of phenol from wastewater, by peroxidases of tomato hairy root cultures. Enzyme and microbial technology 39, 647-653.
Gonzalez, T., Garrido, J. M., Lema, J. M., & Mendez, R. (2006). Efficient removal of phenolic compounds from industrial wastewater using a two-stage bioreactor system. Environmental Science & Technology, 40(9), 2960-2967.
Husain, Q., & Jan, U. (2000). Detoxification of phenols and aromatic amines from polluted wastewater by using phenol oxidases.
Ilisz, I., László, Z., & Dombi, A. (1999). Investigation of the photodecomposition of phenol in near-UV-irradiated aqueous TiO2 suspensions. I: Effect of charge-trapping species on the degradation kinetics. Applied Catalysis A: General, 180(1-2), 25-33.
Jadhav, U., Salve, S., Dhawale, R., Padul, M., Dawkar, V., Chougale, A., ... & Patil, M. (2013). Use of partially purified banana peel polyphenol oxidase in the degradation of various phenolic compounds and textile dye blue 2RNL. Textiles and Light Industrial Science and Technology, 2(1), 27-35.
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Kujawski, W., Warszawski, A., Ratajczak, W., Porębski, T., Capała, W., & Ostrowska, I. (2004). Application of pervaporation and adsorption to the phenol removal from wastewater. Separation and Purification Technology, 40(2), 123-132.
Leahy, J. G., & Colwell, R. R. (1990). Microbial degradation of hydrocarbons in the environment. Microbiological reviews, 54(3), 305-315.
Lika, K., Papadakis, I.A. (2009). Modelling the biodegradation of phenolic compounds by microalgae. Journal of sea Research 62, 135-146.
Matkin, D. P., Hansen, L. T., & Watkins, D. W. (2008). The impacts of offshore oil and gas development on coastal communities. Coastal Management, 36(3), 295-310.
Max B., Tugores F., Cortés Diéguez S. and Domínguez J. M. (2012). Bioprocess design for the microbial production of natural phenolic compounds by Debaryomyces hansenii. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 168, 2268–2284.
Pradeep, V., Sureshkumar, K., Balaji, S., Swaminathan, R., & Varunkumar, K. (2015). Impact of phenolic compounds on the biodiversity of freshwater ecosystems: a review. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 12(8), 2733-2752.
Raquel Cruz, Laura Hinojosa Reyes, Jorge L. Guzman-Mar, Juan Manuel Peralta-Hernandez and Aracely Hernandez-Ramirez (2011). “Photocatalytic degradation of phenolic compounds contained in the effluent of a dye manufacturing industry”, Sustain Environmental .Residence.21 (5), 307-312.
Schweigert N., Hunziker R. W., Escher B. I. and Eggen R. I.(2001) Acute toxicity of (chloro) catechols and (chloro catecho lcopper combinations in Escherichia coli corresponds to their membrane toxicity in vitro. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 20, 239–247.
Shetty, R., Siddiqui, H., & Nithya, H. (2014). Biodegradation of phenol and other phenolic compounds by Bacillus cereus strains. International Journal of Environmental Bioremediation & Biodegradation, 2(5), 231-236.
Soltan, D. M., & Rashed, M. N. (2003). Monitoring of environmental heavy metals in fish from Nasser Lake. Environment International, 29(1), 27-33.
Suhaila, N., Kamarudin, K. F., Mansor, N., & Mohd Yusof, M. B. (2013). Review on the application of physicochemical methods for removal of phenol from wastewater. Chemical Engineering Journal, 218, 260-274.
U.S. Department of Energy. (2009). 2009 Emissions & Generation Resource Integrated Database (eGRID). https://www.epa.gov/energy/emissions-generation-resource-integrated-database-egrid.
Van Schie, P. M., & Young, L. Y. (1998). Isolation and characterization of phenol-degrading denitrifying bacteria. Applied and environmental microbiology, 64(7), 2432-2438.
Vidali, M. (2001). Bioremediation: an overview. Pure and Applied Chemistry, 73(7), 1163-1172.
Wang, Y., Song, J., Zhao, W., He, X., Chen J., Xiao, M.(2011). In situ degradation of phenol and promotion of plant growth in contaminated environments by a single Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain. Journal of Hazardous Materials 192, 354-360.
Watanabe, K. (2001). Microorganisms relevant to bioremediation. Current opinion in biotechnology, 12(3), 237-241.
Ya Xiong, Chun He, Hans T. Karlsson, Xihai Zhu (2003) “Performance of three-phase three-dimensional electrode reactor for the reduction of COD in simulated wastewater-containing phenol” , Chemosphere; 50, 131–136.
Yu, P., Chang, Z., Ma, Y., Wang, S., Cao, H., Hua, C., & Liu, H. (2009). Separation of p-Nitrophenol and o-Nitrophenol with three-liquid-phase extraction system. Separation and purification technology, 70(2), 199-206.
Agahalino, S. O., Opuene, K., & Azubike, O. (2009). Contributions of oil spills, deck overflow, and pipeline/storage tank leaks to soil and water pollution in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 44(1), 1-14.
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). (2008). Toxicological profile for Phenol. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service.
Aghalino, S. O., & Eyinla, B. (2009). Oil exploitation and marine pollution: Evidence from the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Journal of human ecology, 28(3), 177-182.
Basak, B., Bhunia, B., Dutta, S., & Dey, A. (2013). Enhanced biodegradation of 4-chlorophenol by Candida tropicalis PHB5 via optimization of physicochemical parameters using Taguchi orthogonal array approach. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 78, 17-23.
Basha, K. M., Rajendran, A., & Thangavelu, V. (2010). Recent advances in the biodegradation of phenol: a review. Asian J Exp Biol Sci, 1(2), 219-234.
Bhavna, V., Priti, M., & Jayant, R. (2010). Biodegradation of high concentration of phenol by Pseudomonas putida. Bioresource Technology, 101(7), 2232-2236.
Bódalo, A., Gómez, E., Hidalgo, A. M., Gómez, M., Murcia, M. D., & López, I. (2009). Nanofiltration membranes to reduce phenol concentration in wastewater. Desalination, 245(1-3), 680-686.
Campanella, L., Beone, T., Sammartino, M. P., & Tomassetti, M. (1993). Determination of phenol in wastes and water using an enzyme sensor. Analyst, 118(8), 979-986.
Cappuccino, J. G., & Sherman, N. (2013). Microbiology: a laboratory manual. Pearson Higher Ed.
Creek, J. K., Bender, M. A., & Olson, L. J. (2004). Respiratory, cardiovascular, and liver-related health issues associated with air pollutants. Journal of Environmental Health, 66(8), 21-27.
Divate, S. B., & Hinge, R. V. (2014). Review on research removal of phenol from wastewater by using different methods. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 4(5), 1-3.
Doble, M., & Kumar, A. (2005). Biotreatment of industrial effluents. Elsevier.
Farshid, A., Sonal, S., & Majid, H. (2010). Biodegradation of phenol at high concentrations by a mutant strain of Pseudomonas putida. Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, 7(4), 229-238.
Gianfreda, L., Iamarino, G., Scelza, R., & Rao, M. A. (2006). Oxidative catalysts for the transformation of phenolic pollutants: a brief review. Biocatalysis and biotransformation, 24(3), 177-187.
Gonzalez, P.S., Capozucca, C.E., Tiger, H.A., Milrad, S.R., Agostini, E. (2006). Phytoremediation of phenol from wastewater, by peroxidases of tomato hairy root cultures. Enzyme and microbial technology 39, 647-653.
Gonzalez, T., Garrido, J. M., Lema, J. M., & Mendez, R. (2006). Efficient removal of phenolic compounds from industrial wastewater using a two-stage bioreactor system. Environmental Science & Technology, 40(9), 2960-2967.
Husain, Q., & Jan, U. (2000). Detoxification of phenols and aromatic amines from polluted wastewater by using phenol oxidases.
Ilisz, I., László, Z., & Dombi, A. (1999). Investigation of the photodecomposition of phenol in near-UV-irradiated aqueous TiO2 suspensions. I: Effect of charge-trapping species on the degradation kinetics. Applied Catalysis A: General, 180(1-2), 25-33.
Jadhav, U., Salve, S., Dhawale, R., Padul, M., Dawkar, V., Chougale, A., ... & Patil, M. (2013). Use of partially purified banana peel polyphenol oxidase in the degradation of various phenolic compounds and textile dye blue 2RNL. Textiles and Light Industrial Science and Technology, 2(1), 27-35.
Kelishadi, R., Mirghaffari, N., Poursafa, P., & Gidding, S. S. (2009). Lifestyle and environmental factors associated with inflammation, oxidative stress and insulin resistance in children. Atherosclerosis, 203(1), 311-319.
Ko, F. W., & Hui, D. S. (2010). Air pollution and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respirology, 15(8), 1314-1328.
Krishna, I. M., Manickam, V., Shah, A., & Davergave, N. (2017). Environmental management: science and engineering for industry. Butterworth-Heinemann.
Kujawski, W., Warszawski, A., Ratajczak, W., Porębski, T., Capała, W., & Ostrowska, I. (2004). Application of pervaporation and adsorption to the phenol removal from wastewater. Separation and Purification Technology, 40(2), 123-132.
Leahy, J. G., & Colwell, R. R. (1990). Microbial degradation of hydrocarbons in the environment. Microbiological reviews, 54(3), 305-315.
Lika, K., Papadakis, I.A. (2009). Modelling the biodegradation of phenolic compounds by microalgae. Journal of sea Research 62, 135-146.
Matkin, D. P., Hansen, L. T., & Watkins, D. W. (2008). The impacts of offshore oil and gas development on coastal communities. Coastal Management, 36(3), 295-310.
Max B., Tugores F., Cortés Diéguez S. and Domínguez J. M. (2012). Bioprocess design for the microbial production of natural phenolic compounds by Debaryomyces hansenii. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 168, 2268–2284.
Pradeep, V., Sureshkumar, K., Balaji, S., Swaminathan, R., & Varunkumar, K. (2015). Impact of phenolic compounds on the biodiversity of freshwater ecosystems: a review. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 12(8), 2733-2752.
Raquel Cruz, Laura Hinojosa Reyes, Jorge L. Guzman-Mar, Juan Manuel Peralta-Hernandez and Aracely Hernandez-Ramirez (2011). “Photocatalytic degradation of phenolic compounds contained in the effluent of a dye manufacturing industry”, Sustain Environmental .Residence.21 (5), 307-312.
Schweigert N., Hunziker R. W., Escher B. I. and Eggen R. I.(2001) Acute toxicity of (chloro) catechols and (chloro catecho lcopper combinations in Escherichia coli corresponds to their membrane toxicity in vitro. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 20, 239–247.
Shetty, R., Siddiqui, H., & Nithya, H. (2014). Biodegradation of phenol and other phenolic compounds by Bacillus cereus strains. International Journal of Environmental Bioremediation & Biodegradation, 2(5), 231-236.
Soltan, D. M., & Rashed, M. N. (2003). Monitoring of environmental heavy metals in fish from Nasser Lake. Environment International, 29(1), 27-33.
Suhaila, N., Kamarudin, K. F., Mansor, N., & Mohd Yusof, M. B. (2013). Review on the application of physicochemical methods for removal of phenol from wastewater. Chemical Engineering Journal, 218, 260-274.
U.S. Department of Energy. (2009). 2009 Emissions & Generation Resource Integrated Database (eGRID). https://www.epa.gov/energy/emissions-generation-resource-integrated-database-egrid.
Van Schie, P. M., & Young, L. Y. (1998). Isolation and characterization of phenol-degrading denitrifying bacteria. Applied and environmental microbiology, 64(7), 2432-2438.
Vidali, M. (2001). Bioremediation: an overview. Pure and Applied Chemistry, 73(7), 1163-1172.
Wang, Y., Song, J., Zhao, W., He, X., Chen J., Xiao, M.(2011). In situ degradation of phenol and promotion of plant growth in contaminated environments by a single Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain. Journal of Hazardous Materials 192, 354-360.
Watanabe, K. (2001). Microorganisms relevant to bioremediation. Current opinion in biotechnology, 12(3), 237-241.
Ya Xiong, Chun He, Hans T. Karlsson, Xihai Zhu (2003) “Performance of three-phase three-dimensional electrode reactor for the reduction of COD in simulated wastewater-containing phenol” , Chemosphere; 50, 131–136.
Yu, P., Chang, Z., Ma, Y., Wang, S., Cao, H., Hua, C., & Liu, H. (2009). Separation of p-Nitrophenol and o-Nitrophenol with three-liquid-phase extraction system. Separation and purification technology, 70(2), 199-206.
