Kajian Fitokimia Ekstrak Metanol Daun Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) Asal Kecamatan Koto Tangah Phytochemical Study of Methanol Extract of Bilimbi (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) Leaves from Koto Tangah District
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1004-1018
Published:
Jul 25, 2024
Digital Object Identifier:
10.58578/masaliq.v4i5.3447
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Authors:
Salsabilla Putri Serli1, Riga Riga2, Edi Nasra3 
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Abstract
Secondary metabolites are compounds synthesized by plants, microbes, or animals through biosynthesis that are used to support life. The content of secondary metabolites in plants is often used as traditional medicine. In this research, samples of wuluh starfruit leaves (Averrhoa blimbi L.) were used as traditional medicine to treat coughs, diabetes, and others. The purpose of this study is to determine the secondary metabolite content in wuluh starfruit leaves (A. Blimbi L.) in Koto Tengah district through maceration, phytochemical, and thin layer chromatography methods. This research was carried out through a sample preparation process, maceration using methanol as a solvent, phytochemical tests to test the content of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and polyphenols/tannins by looking at the color change in the sample, and confirmation through thin layer chromatography by looking at the color and Rf value. The secondary metabolite test revealed that belimbing wuluh leaves were positive for tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins.
Keywords:
Averrhoa blimbi L; Maceration; Phytochemical; Secondary Metabolites; Thin Layer Chromatography
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Serli, S. P., Riga, R., & Nasra, E. (2024). Kajian Fitokimia Ekstrak Metanol Daun Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) Asal Kecamatan Koto Tangah. MASALIQ, 4(5), 1004-1018. https://doi.org/10.58578/masaliq.v4i5.3447
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
References
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Kusnadi, K., & Devi, E. T. (2017). Isolasi dan Identifikasi Senyawa Flavonoid pada Ekstrak Daun Seledri (Apium graveolens L.) dengan Metode Refluks. PSEJ (Pancasakti Science Education Journal), 2(1), 56–67. https://doi.org/10.24905/psej.v2i1.675
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Rafigha, A., & Riga, R. (2023). Aktivitas Antioksidan Jamur Endofitik Rs-1 Dari Ranting Sambiloto Menggunakan Media Beras Hitam. Jurnal Penelitian Farmasi Indonesia, 12(1), 31–36. https://doi.org/10.51887/jpfi.v12i1.1756
Rahmawati, M., & Hidajati, N. (2017). Isolasidan Identifikasi Metabolit Sekunder dari Ekstrak Metanol Kulit Batang Tumbuha Mengkudu ( Morinda citrifolia L .). UNESA Journal of Chemistry, 6(2), 113–118.
Ridhwan Anshor Alfauzi, Lilis Hartati, Danes Suhendra, Tri Puji Rahayu, & Hidayah, N. (2022). Ekstraksi Senyawa Bioaktif Kulit Jengkol (Archidendron jiringa) dengan Konsentrasi Pelarut Metanol Berbeda sebagai Pakan Tambahan Ternak Ruminansia. Jurnal Ilmu Nutrisi Dan Teknologi Pakan, 20(3), 95–103. https://doi.org/10.29244/jintp.20.3.95-103
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Simanjuntak, H. A., & Rahmiati, R. (2021). Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of Patikan Kebo (Euphorbia Hirta L.) Herb Ethanol Extract. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, 9(5), 6–9. https://doi.org/10.22270/ajprd.v9i5.1017
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Swedha, S. (2022). Review on potential importance and value added products of Averrhoa bilimbi Linn. The Pharma Innovation Journal, 11(7), 524–529. www.thepharmajournal.com
Vanesa, A., Riga, R., & Ikhsan, M. H. (2023). Aktivitas antioksidan jamur endofitik RS-1 dari Andrographis paniculata (Sambiloto) menggunakan media beras merah. Jurnal Kimia & Pendidikan Kimia, 5(1), 102–111. https://doi.org/10.20414/spin.v5i1.6995
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Yasmin, N., Widayat, W., & Narsa, A. C. (2019). Identifikasi Metabolit Sekunder Ekstrak Metanol Akar dan Batang Merung (Coptosapelta tomentosa ) yang Memiliki Aktivitas Antioksidan Menggunakan Metode KLT Autografi. Proceeding of Mulawarman Pharmaceuticals Conferences, 10, 10–15. https://doi.org/10.25026/mpc.v10i1.353
Yuslianti, E. R., Bachtiar, B. M., Suniarti, D. F., & Sutjiatmo, A. B. (2016). Natural Products Pharmaceutical Standardization Towards Phytopharmaca for Indonesian Traditional Medicine Development. Dentika: Dental Journal, 19(2), 179–185. https://doi.org/10.32734/dentika.v19i2.463
Alen, Y., Gresa, Lavita, F., & Yuliandra, Y. (2017). Analisis Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT) dan Aktivitas Antihiperurisemia Ekstrak Rebung Schizostachyum brachycladum Kurz (Kurz) pada Mencit Putih Jantan (Thin. Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis, 3(May), 1223. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEST.2002.1041926
Amelia, S., & Riga, R. (2023). Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Jamur AS-1 Yang Diisolasi dari Akar Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) dengan Metode DPPH (2,2-Defenil-1-Pikrilhirazil). Parapemikir : Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi, 12(3), 273. https://doi.org/10.30591/pjif.v12i3.5176
Antasari, D. W. (2020). Implementasi Green Economy Terhadap Pembangunan Berkelanjutan Di Kota Kediri. Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan STIE Muhammadiyah Palopo, 5(2), 80–88. https://doi.org/10.35906/jep01.v5i2.402
Arsa, A. K., & Achmad, Z. (2020). Ekstraksi Minyak Atsiri dari Rimpang Temu Ireng (Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb) dengan Pelarut Etanol dan N-Heksana. Jurnal Teknologi Technoscientia, 13(1), 83–94.
Astiti, N. P. A., Sudirga, S. K., & Ramona, Y. (2019). Analysis of Phenolic and Tannin Contents in the Methanol Extract of Sweet and Sour Star Fruit Plants (Averrhoa carambola L) Leaves Commonly Used as Raw Materials of Lawar (A Balinese Traditional Food). Journal of Advances in Tropical Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences, 3(1), 5. https://doi.org/10.24843/atbes.2019.v03.i01.p02
Cahyaningsih, Yuda Kusuma Sandhi, P., Winariyanthi, & Yuni, N. L. P. (2017). Skrining Fitokimia dan Analisis Kromatografi Lapis Tipis Ekstrak Tanaman Patikan Kebo ( Euphorbia hirta L.). Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento, 3(2), 1–10.
Darmawansyah, A., Nurlansi, & Haerudin. (2023). Pemisahan Senyawa Terpenoid Ekstrak n-Heksan Daun Kaembu-Embu (Blumea balsamifera) Menggunakan Kromatografi Kolom Gravitasi. Jurnal Kimia Dan Pendidikan Kimia, 12, 24–30. http://sains.uho.ac.id/index._php/journal
Dewatikasari, whika febria. (2020). Perbandingan Pelarut Kloroform dan Etanol terhadap Rendemen Ekstrak Daun Lidah Mertua (Sansevieria trifasciata Prain.) Menggunakan Metode Maserasi. Journal.Uin-Alauddin, 5(September), 125–132. http://journal.uin-alauddin.ac.id/index._php/psb/
Dojaa, B. C. D., Rameb, M. M. T., & Renggab, M. P. E. (2020). Uji Aktivitas Antihiperkolesterolkimia Ekstrak Metanol Buah Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn.) Pada Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Galur Wistar. Chmk Pharmaceutical Scientific Journal, 3(April).
Forestryana, D., & Arnida, A. (2020). Skrining Fitokimia Dan Analisis Kromatografi Lapis Tipis Ekstrak Etanol Daun Jeruju (Hydrolea Spinosa L.). Jurnal Ilmiah Farmako Bahari, 11(2), 113. https://doi.org/10.52434/jfb.v11i2.859
Handoyo, D. L. Y. (2020). The Influence Of Maseration Time (Immeration) On The Vocity Of Birthleaf Extract (Piper Betle). Jurnal Farmasi Tinctura, 2(1), 34–41. https://doi.org/10.35316/tinctura.v2i1.1546
Hasim, H., Arifin, Y. Y., Andrianto, D., & Faridah, D. N. (2019). Ekstrak Etanol Daun Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi) sebagai Antioksidan dan Antiinflamasi. Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan, 8(3), 86. https://doi.org/10.17728/jatp.4201
Kumar, K. A., Gousia, S. K., Anupama, & Naveena Lavanya Latha, M. (2013). A Review on Phytochemical Constituents and Biological Assays of Averhoa Blimbi. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science Research, 3(4), 136–139.
Kusnadi, K., & Devi, E. T. (2017). Isolasi dan Identifikasi Senyawa Flavonoid pada Ekstrak Daun Seledri (Apium graveolens L.) dengan Metode Refluks. PSEJ (Pancasakti Science Education Journal), 2(1), 56–67. https://doi.org/10.24905/psej.v2i1.675
Kusuma, M. H. P., Rakhmatullah, A. N., & Yunarti, A. (2023). Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol 70% Buah Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) Menggunakan Metode DPPH. Jurnal Surya Medika, 9(1), 27–33. https://doi.org/10.33084/jsm.v9i1.5130
Rafigha, A., & Riga, R. (2023). Aktivitas Antioksidan Jamur Endofitik Rs-1 Dari Ranting Sambiloto Menggunakan Media Beras Hitam. Jurnal Penelitian Farmasi Indonesia, 12(1), 31–36. https://doi.org/10.51887/jpfi.v12i1.1756
Rahmawati, M., & Hidajati, N. (2017). Isolasidan Identifikasi Metabolit Sekunder dari Ekstrak Metanol Kulit Batang Tumbuha Mengkudu ( Morinda citrifolia L .). UNESA Journal of Chemistry, 6(2), 113–118.
Ridhwan Anshor Alfauzi, Lilis Hartati, Danes Suhendra, Tri Puji Rahayu, & Hidayah, N. (2022). Ekstraksi Senyawa Bioaktif Kulit Jengkol (Archidendron jiringa) dengan Konsentrasi Pelarut Metanol Berbeda sebagai Pakan Tambahan Ternak Ruminansia. Jurnal Ilmu Nutrisi Dan Teknologi Pakan, 20(3), 95–103. https://doi.org/10.29244/jintp.20.3.95-103
Riga, R., & Hakim, E. H. (2021). Aktivitas Sitotoksik dan Antibakteri Ekstrak Etil Asetat Jamur Endofitik Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Jurnal Farmasi Udayana, December 2021, 193. https://doi.org/10.24843/jfu.2021.v10.i02.p15
Setyawan, H. Y., Sukardi, S., & Nareswari, B. F. (2021). The phytochemical potential of Averrhoa bilimbi - A review. International Conference on Green Agro-Industry and Bioeconomy, 733(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/733/1/012091
Simanjuntak, H. A., & Rahmiati, R. (2021). Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of Patikan Kebo (Euphorbia Hirta L.) Herb Ethanol Extract. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, 9(5), 6–9. https://doi.org/10.22270/ajprd.v9i5.1017
Suryelita, S., Riga, R., Etika, S. B., Ulfah, M., & Artasasta, M. A. (2021). Antibacterial screening of endophytic fungus xylaria sp. Derived from andrographis paniculata (sambiloto). Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 9, 971–975. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.7475
Swedha, S. (2022). Review on potential importance and value added products of Averrhoa bilimbi Linn. The Pharma Innovation Journal, 11(7), 524–529. www.thepharmajournal.com
Vanesa, A., Riga, R., & Ikhsan, M. H. (2023). Aktivitas antioksidan jamur endofitik RS-1 dari Andrographis paniculata (Sambiloto) menggunakan media beras merah. Jurnal Kimia & Pendidikan Kimia, 5(1), 102–111. https://doi.org/10.20414/spin.v5i1.6995
Yahyaoui, O. El, Ouaaziz, N. A., Guinda, I., Sammama, A., Kerrouri, S., Bouabid, B., Bakkall, M. El, Quyou, A., Lrhorfi, L. A., & Bengueddour, R. (2017). Phytochemical screening and thin layer chromatography of two medicinal plants: Adansonia digitata (Bombacaceae) and Acacia raddiana (Fabaceae). Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 6(1), 10–15.
Yasmin, N., Widayat, W., & Narsa, A. C. (2019). Identifikasi Metabolit Sekunder Ekstrak Metanol Akar dan Batang Merung (Coptosapelta tomentosa ) yang Memiliki Aktivitas Antioksidan Menggunakan Metode KLT Autografi. Proceeding of Mulawarman Pharmaceuticals Conferences, 10, 10–15. https://doi.org/10.25026/mpc.v10i1.353
Yuslianti, E. R., Bachtiar, B. M., Suniarti, D. F., & Sutjiatmo, A. B. (2016). Natural Products Pharmaceutical Standardization Towards Phytopharmaca for Indonesian Traditional Medicine Development. Dentika: Dental Journal, 19(2), 179–185. https://doi.org/10.32734/dentika.v19i2.463