Mikailalsys Journal of Advanced Engineering International

Secure Multiparty Computation over Elliptic Curve Cryptography

Domven L., A. D. Hina, A. M Kwami, C. M. Miri, Abdullahi I. — Fri, 05 Sep 2025 01:27:44 +0800

This study proposes a secure mobile voting system that integrates elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) with secure multiparty computation (SMPC) to guarantee vote confidentiality, integrity, and verifiability. Designed to enable scalable, privacy-preserving elections via mobile devices, the system authenticates voters using registered numbers and records ballots as encrypted points on an elliptic curve. Encrypted votes are published on a public bulletin board alongside zero-knowledge proofs to ensure their validity. To safeguard decryption, Shamir’s secret sharing distributes keys among trusted authorities, enabling collective tallying without exposing individual votes. The system incorporates ECC-based secret sharing, homomorphic encryption, and zero-knowledge proofs, leveraging the hardness of the elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem (ECDLP) for robust security. Both experimental and theoretical evaluations demonstrate that ECC significantly improves computational efficiency and scalability, making the system well-suited for resource-constrained environments. Overall, the integration of ECC and SMPC offers a practical, efficient, and secure framework for mobile elections, effectively balancing privacy, security, and performance.

The Concept of Differentiation and Integration of Paraletrix: A Generalization of Rhotrix

Lohcwat Domven, Abbas B Saleh, Daniel Danladi, Patrick Pam Peter — Fri, 05 Sep 2025 01:48:46 +0800

The concepts of matrix-tertions and matrix-noittrets were first introduced by Atanssov, K. T. and Shannon, A. G. [1] as mathematical enrichment exercises involving objects that lie between two-dimensional vectors and 2×2 matrices. This idea was later extended by Ajibade, A. O. [2] through the introduction of rhotrices, mathematical structures positioned between 2×2 and 3×3 matrices. Various multiplication operations for rhotrices, including heart-oriented and row–column multiplications, have been studied extensively, yielding several important results. Building on these developments, the paraletrix was introduced as a generalization of the rhotrix, defined as a structure in which the number of rows and columns need not be equal. In this paper, we extend the theory of paraletrices by introducing the concepts of differentiation and integration with respect to an independent variable occurring in a function, thereby contributing to the broader mathematical framework of generalized matrix-like objects.

Analytical Properties of the Uniform Exponential Distribution

Alfred Ayo Ayenigba; C. O. Ogunkoya — Fri, 05 Sep 2025 02:09:32 +0800

This study introduces a new probability distribution, the Uniform–Exponential Distribution, constructed by combining the Uniform and Exponential distributions to capture phenomena characterized by both constant and exponentially decaying behavior. The distribution is developed within the T-X family framework, and its fundamental properties are derived, including the probability density function (PDF), cumulative distribution function (CDF), hazard function, reverse hazard function, and moment-generating function (MGF). Analytical expressions for key moments—mean, variance, skewness, and kurtosis—are presented to describe the distribution’s shape and behavior. Parameter estimation is conducted using maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), ensuring statistical rigor in model fitting. Theoretical examples are provided to illustrate the distribution’s practical relevance. Potential applications are identified in reliability analysis, survival modeling, and environmental science, underscoring the distribution’s flexibility and utility in modeling diverse real-world processes.

Modeling, Simulation, and Dynamic Analysis of Earth-Fault Detection in High-Voltage Transmission Networks

D. M. Nazif, Yakubu Barau Bal, Fatima Muhammad, Sadik Umar, Aliyu Abdulrahman — Sun, 21 Sep 2025 08:28:29 +0800

This paper addresses the need for accurate and timely single-line-to-ground (SLG) fault detection in high-voltage transmission systems, particularly to improve grid reliability in developing regions. The research objective is to propose and validate an integrated framework that combines modeling, simulation, and real-time implementation for SLG fault identification and location. Methodologically, a dual-unit detection scheme was developed: a MATLAB/Simulink dynamic model emulating a 132 kV transmission line under diverse fault scenarios, and a microcontroller-based hardware prototype employing voltage and current sensors interfaced with an Arduino Uno and GSM module to detect disturbances and transmit location data; experimental validation involved controlled fault injection, waveform inspection, and fault distance estimation via zero-sequence current and voltage dip analysis. Key findings show high-precision fault location with estimation errors consistently below 0.75% over a 30–300 km range, alongside fast response, accuracy, and cost-effectiveness. The study concludes that the combined software–hardware architecture reliably detects and locates SLG faults. The contribution and implication are a scalable, low-cost approach to reducing fault-related outages and enhancing fault management in transmission networks.

Economic Impacts of Solar Energy Systems on Regional Development in Africa

Sun, 21 Sep 2025 09:04:20 +0800

This study addresses the need for space-efficient, cost-effective residential renewable energy solutions in Nigeria by introducing and evaluating a 5 kW solar tree system tailored to Bauchi State’s solar conditions. The research objective is to determine whether the proposed system can reliably meet a daily energy demand of 30,000 Wh while delivering high performance, durability, and economic benefits. Methodologically, the system is designed with photovoltaic modules, a charge controller, a battery bank, an inverter, and a steel support structure sized for the region’s irradiance; performance, cost savings, and structural integrity are assessed using efficiency, annual bill reduction, and a calculated safety factor. Key findings show that the system achieves over 86% efficiency, saves US$1,415 annually on electricity bills, and attains a safety factor of 2.85, indicating robustness against wind and environmental loads; the configuration fulfills the targeted daily energy requirement. The study concludes that the solar tree provides a viable, space-efficient residential solution that reduces reliance on fossil fuels. The contribution and implication are a practically implementable design that can support household-level energy transition efforts and inform wider deployment of residential solar technologies in Nigeria.

Petrography and Mineralogy of Part of the Gold Schist Belt around Esa-Oke and Environs, Southwestern Nigeria

Olukayode Adeyinka Falana — Fri, 03 Oct 2025 08:09:09 +0800

Esa-Oke, situated within the Ilesha Schist Belt of southwestern Nigeria, was the focus of this study aimed at conducting detailed geological mapping to identify geological structures, analyze the petrography of various rock types, determine the metamorphic facies, and evaluate the industrial potential of the rocks in the area. Field mapping facilitated the delineation of lithological units, textures, structural features, mineralogy, and modes of occurrence. Rock samples of granitic gneiss and quartzite were collected and analyzed petrographically through thin section preparation and examination under a petrographic microscope. Modal analysis of the granitic gneiss revealed the following mineral composition: Quartz (22.5%), Plagioclase (25.3%), Biotite (15.9%), Hornblende (8.4%), Microcline (15.2%), Sericite (0.6%), and Epidote (0.2%). The quartzite sample consisted predominantly of Quartz (90%), with Muscovite (6%) and Fibrolite (4%). Structural features such as foliation, joints, and folds were observed in both lithologies. Strike directions ranged from 02° to 71° (average: 32°), with dip trends of 45°E to 62°E (average: 46°E) and 22°W to 62°W (average: 40°W). Joint orientations ranged between 168° and 175°, with an average of 172°. The primary mineral assemblage in the granitic gneiss includes Quartz + Biotite + Microcline + Plagioclase + Hornblende, while secondary minerals include Sericite and Epidote. Quartzite is characterized by a mineral assemblage of Quartz + Muscovite + Fibrolite. These assemblages are indicative of amphibolite facies metamorphism. The petrographic and structural characteristics confirm that the area forms part of the Migmatite-Gneiss-Quartzite Complex of Nigeria. Both granitic gneiss and quartzite in the study area are suitable for use as construction aggregates, particularly in road construction.

Enhancing TARIG Transform-Based Encryption Using Nonlinear Permutation Polynomial over Prime Fields

Lohcwat Domven, Daniel Danladi, Patrick Pam Peter, Abbas Saleh Bailey — Fri, 03 Oct 2025 08:23:16 +0800

The Affine Cipher, when implemented via the Tarig Transform, provides a straightforward and efficient approach to data encryption but is constrained by a limited key space and susceptibility to known-plaintext attacks. To overcome these shortcomings, this study proposes an enhanced encryption scheme that incorporates polynomial-based transformations into the Affine-based Tarig Transform framework. By introducing nonlinear polynomial mappings, the proposed method significantly expands the key space, enhances diffusion properties, and strengthens resistance to cryptanalytic techniques. Experimental evaluations confirm that the polynomial-based approach offers improved security metrics, including greater statistical randomness, while preserving computational efficiency comparable to the original implementation. These findings indicate that the enhanced scheme presents a viable and more secure alternative to conventional Affine Cipher methods for robust data communication.

GeoAI for Monitoring and Predicting Urban Climate Shocks: A Systematic Review and Framework for African Resilient Cities

Bello Hafisat Omodasola — Sat, 04 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0800

In many African cities, the accelerating forces of rapid urbanization and shifting climate patterns are intensifying the frequency and impact of climate shocks, including flash floods, heatwaves, droughts, and coastal surges. These hazards disproportionately affect informal settlements and critical infrastructure, challenges that are further compounded by fragmented data ecosystems, limited digital capacity, and inadequate real-time monitoring systems. This study presents a systematic review of 64 peer-reviewed articles published between 2015 and 2025, sourced from Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect, to evaluate the role of GeoAI (Geospatial Artificial Intelligence) in advancing urban climate resilience. The review focuses on five representative African cities—Lagos, Nairobi, Addis Ababa, Cape Town, and Dakar—selected for their diverse hazard profiles and varying institutional capacities. The study proposes a GeoAI-enabled framework that integrates Geographic Information Systems (GIS), remote sensing, and machine learning algorithms, including Random Forest, Support Vector Machines, Convolutional Neural Networks, and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks—to map spatial vulnerabilities, forecast climate hazards, and evaluate institutional readiness for proactive adaptation. Comparative analysis reveals persistent exposure hotspots in marginalized communities, with variations in predictive accuracy and hazard severity closely linked to data infrastructure maturity and governance capacity. Cape Town and Nairobi exhibit higher institutional readiness and successful integration of GeoAI into policy processes, while Lagos, Addis Ababa, and Dakar face obstacles related to data accessibility and inter-agency coordination. The study underscores the importance of embedding ethical principles, participatory mapping, and equity considerations into GeoAI systems to enhance both policy relevance and community resilience. The proposed framework offers a scalable, context-sensitive pathway for climate-smart urban governance in low- and middle-income settings, supporting the objectives of Sustainable Development Goals 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities) and 13 (Climate Action).

Simulation Study of an Arduino-Driven Heart Monitoring System for Maternal Well-Being

Sat, 08 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0800

Maternal cardiovascular health significantly influences pregnancy outcomes; however, conventional monitoring practices often depend on sporadic clinical evaluations, hindering the prompt identification of potential abnormalities. This study presents the design and simulation of a cost-effective, Arduino-based maternal heart monitoring system intended to facilitate early detection of cardiovascular irregularities during pregnancy. The system was developed using Proteus 8.15 simulation software and comprises an Arduino Uno microcontroller, a virtual heartbeat sensor, an LCD display, LED indicators, and buzzer alarms. The simulated environment replicates real-time physiological signal acquisition, processing, classification, and alert generation across various heart rate scenarios, including bradycardia, tachycardia, and normal rhythms. The system accurately classified these conditions and triggered appropriate audiovisual alerts during abnormal episodes. Signal fidelity was verified using a virtual oscilloscope, and the system reliably identified critical thresholds such as severe bradycardia (≤25 BPM) and tachycardia (≥145 BPM). These results underscore the potential of the proposed solution as an offline, low-cost monitoring tool particularly suitable for deployment in resource-constrained settings. Future research should advance this work through physical prototyping, integration with fetal monitoring systems, and empirical validation in clinical and rural contexts to assess its practical efficacy and scalability.